4 Septation and Cytokinesis in Pathogenic Fungi

Osés-Ruiz, Míriam; Sakulkoo, Wasin; Talbot, Nicholas J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25844-7_4

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Infection by M. oryzae begins with the attachment and germination of conidia on plant surfaces (Wilson and Talbot, ). Germ tubes emerging from conidia undergo one round of mitosis and develop dome‐shaped appressoria at the tip (Osés‐Ruiz et al ., ). In M. oryzae , cytokinesis is spatially uncoupled from mitosis during appressorium formation (Saunders et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In M. oryzae, cytokinesis is spatially uncoupled from mitosis during appressorium formation (Saunders et al, 2010b). A special septum is formed at the neck of a developing appressorium after one daughter nucleus migrates into appressorium (Os es-Ruiz et al, 2016). When appressoria mature, conidial compartments and germ tubes undergo autophagic cell death (Liu et al, 2007(Liu et al, , 2012Veneault-Fourrey et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MoCDC14 is important for septation during conidiation and appressorium formation in Magnaporthe oryzae

Cao

Zhang

et al. 2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

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As a typical foliar pathogen, appressorium formation and penetration are critical steps in the infection cycle of Magnaporthe oryzae. Because appressorium formation and penetration are closely co-regulated with the cell cycle, and Cdc14 phosphatases have an antagonistic relationship with cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) on proteins related to mitotic exit and cytokinesis, in this study, we functionally characterized the MoCDC14 gene in M. oryzae. The Mocdc14 deletion mutant showed significantly reduced growth rate and conidiation. It was also defective in septum formation and nuclear distribution. Septation was irregular in Mocdc14 hyphae and hyphal compartments became multi-nucleate. Mutant conidia often showed incomplete septa or lacked any septum. During appressorium formation, the septum delimiting appressoria from the rest of the germ tubes was often formed far away from the neck of the appressoria or not formed at all. Unlike the wild-type, some mutant appressoria had more than one nucleus at 24 h. In addition to appressoria, melanization occurred on parts of the germ tubes and conidia, depending on the irregular position of the appressorium-delimiting septum. The Mocdc14 mutant was also defective in glycogen degradation during appressorium formation and appressorial penetration of intact plant cells. Similar defects in septum formation, melanization and penetration were observed with appressorium-like structures formed at hyphal tips in the Mocdc14 mutant. Often a long fragment of mutant hyphae was melanized, together with the apical appressorium-like structures. These results indicate that MoCDC14 plays a critical role in septation, nuclear distribution and pathogenesis in M. oryzae, and correct septum formation during conidiogenesis and appressorium formation requires the MoCdc14 phosphatase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MoCDC14 is important for septation during conidiation and appressorium formation in Magnaporthe oryzae

Cao

Zhang

et al. 2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Fungal Cell Biology

2020

21st Century Guidebook to Fungi

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Diverse organizations of actin and nuclei underpin the evolution of indeterminate growth in Chytridiomycota and Dikarya

Dee

Berbee

2021

Botany

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Indeterminate growth, as in the hyphae of the “Humongous Fungus” of Michigan requires sustained nuclear migration and cell wall remodeling. We compare actin organization and patterns of nuclear positioning among four distantly related, indeterminate species of phylum Chytridiomycota: Cladochytrium replicatum, Physocladia obscura, Nowakowskiella sp., and Polychytrium aggregatum. We combined light microscopy, nuclear staining with DAPI, and actin staining with rhodamine phalloidin to analyze actin distribution and nuclear migration during somatic growth in the four Chytridiomycota species. Actin formed plaques, filaments, cables and perinuclear shells in patterns that varied across the four species. All four species initiated indeterminate growth by extending branching, anucleate rhizomycelium, <1 µm in diameter. Nuclei, some elongated as if migrating, first appear in intercalary segments that widened to diameters >1 µm. After mitosis, an intercalary swelling in C. replicatum became septate and a single, distal nucleus migrated tipwards to a new swelling. In Physocladia obscura, swellings were aseptate and multinucleate, and several nuclei migrated tipwards into a new swelling. Nuclei migrated tipwards from irregularly cylindrical filaments in Nowakowskiella sp., and in Polychytrium aggregatum, from regular, hypha-like filaments. Thus, distantly related lineages of zoosporic fungi deploy ancestral morphogenetic machinery in differing patterns that resulted in convergent, indeterminate growth.

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4 Septation and Cytokinesis in Pathogenic Fungi

Cited by 3 publications

References 59 publications

MoCDC14 is important for septation during conidiation and appressorium formation in Magnaporthe oryzae

MoCDC14 is important for septation during conidiation and appressorium formation in Magnaporthe oryzae

Fungal Cell Biology

Diverse organizations of actin and nuclei underpin the evolution of indeterminate growth in Chytridiomycota and Dikarya

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