“…As a result, the thermal effect is an important aspect to be taken into account in high-power applications. In many applications, such as lidar, remote sensing, spectroscopy, coherent communications, dense wavelength-division, and time-division multiplexing and demultiplexing, the noise characteristics of second-harmonic (SH) waves generated in nonlinear interactions are concerned since the noise in the SH wave can significantly impact the accuracy of measurement [2][3][4][5][14][15][16]. As a result, it is important to investigate the noise characteristics in SHG processes under different conditions, such as power, material, temperature, and so forth.…”