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PALM-3000: EXOPLANET ADAPTIVE OPTICS FOR THE 5 m HALE TELESCOPE

“…The instrument, jointly developed by Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Caltech, was used to obtain data contributing to ≈100 refereed astronomical journal articles while facilitating extensive AO technology development. The advantages of accessible site, moderate altitude, and excellent engineering support infrastructure have supported the on-sky deployment of many innovations: the first high-speed AO telemetry recording system (Truong et al 2003), the now widespread SciMeasure high-speed wavefront sensor camera (DuVarney et al 2000a(DuVarney et al , 2000b(DuVarney et al , 2001, the first high-order natural guide star (NGS) Shack-Hartmann simultaneous multiple star wavefront sensor (Velur et al 2006), demonstrations of sparse matrix (Shi et al 2003), hierarchical (MacMartin 2003), efficient recursive (Ren et al 2005) and Fourier transform based slope sensor reconstructors (Poyneer et al 2003), AO-assisted "lucky" imaging at visible wavelengths (Law et al 2009), vector-vortex coronagraph (Serabyn et al 2009), non-redundant mask interferometry 3 Now at Giant Magellan Telescope Observatory Corporation, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA. 4 Now at Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.…”