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Abstract

The efficacy of chlorhexidine digluconate was determined against some strains of collected and clinically isolated bacteria and fungi. The efficacy was evaluated either by calculating a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) or by efficacy trials according to the guidelines of the European Committee for Standardization. The MIC values of chlorhexidine for Staphylococcus aureus, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes were 0.625 microg/ml, 12.5 microg/ml, 50 microg/ml and 6.25 microg/ml, respectively. The in vitro efficacy of chlorhexidine was higher against ATCC strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa (0.5 mg/ml for 5 min and 0.5 mg/ml for 10 min, respectively) than against clinical isolates (0.5 mg/ml for 15 min and 1 mg/ml for 10 min, respectively). The antiseptic activity of aqueous solutions of chlorhexidine against spores of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillis sfericus and Clostridium perfringens required longer contact times than against the vegetative forms. Nevertheless, 5 mg/ml of chlorhexidine in water-ethanol 20:80 v/v was totally effective against the vegetative forms or spores of these microorganisms.

HaCaT Keratinocytes Response on Antimicrobial Atelocollagen Substrates: Extent of Cytotoxicity, Cell Viability and Proliferation

“…Biofilms act as defence mechanism against external agents; in consequence, the aim of any antimicrobial materials is at preventing bacterial adhesion and colonization, which are prerequisites to biofilm formation [49]. It is known by literature that benzalkonium chloride, bronopol and chitosan hinder the adhesion of gram-positive strain, but do not behave satisfactorily against gram-negative bacteria [50,51]; chlorhexidine and irgasan are efficacious against both strains [52,53]. According to biothermodynamic studies, bacteria may attach to both hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces; notwithstanding, hydrophobic surfaces are colonised faster than hydrophilic ones [54,55].…”

Cyclodextrin functionalization of several cellulosic substrates for prolonged release of antibacterial agents

“…Chlorhexidine's MIC against microorganisms found in endodontic infections was found to be in a range from 2.67 to 80.00 μg/mL 43. Chlorhexidine's MICs were ranged from 0.625 to 50.00 μg/mL, in the case of pathogenesis related with skin diseases 44…”

Evaluation of the effects of chlorhexidine digluconate with and without cBD103 or cCath against multidrug‐resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

“…Likewise, the range of concentrations tested for Chx was based on previous studies on SA and SP. 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 In particular, a starting working concentration of 0.625 µg/mL was chosen based on the high variability on the antimicrobial action of Chx shown against SA (0.625–250 µg/mL) and SP (7 µg/mL). 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 To assess a potential synergy between Chx and HDPs, several sublethal dilutions of Chx were selected.…”

“…The concentrations of Chx to be tested were based on MIC data derived from preliminary data (data not shown) and previous studies on SA and SP. 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 Likewise, the concentration of 1 µg/mL synthetic HDP was based on previous studies on the amount of HDPs secreted in skin washes from healthy and atopic dogs, 22 and the MIC/MBC of both HDPs tested. 15 , 16 , 19 , 20 Each well contained 50 µL antimicrobial (Chx or HDP), 50 µL inoculum (bacteria in SPB), and 50 µL SPB.…”