463 Passive Distraction is the Only Determinant of Pain During Venous Blood Sampling in School Children in An Outpatient Clinic Setting

Nijs, J; Stuer, A.; Gorp, Ilse Van; Allegaert, Karel

doi:10.1203/00006450-201011001-00463

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…However, in our study, MSSE isolates harbored more ACME (83.3%) than MRSE isolates (67.7%), which is in line with the study of Granslo et al [38], in which a significantly lower rate of methicillin and gentamicin resistance was observed between ACME-positive versus ACME-negative S. epidermidis isolates. No association between ACME and SCC mec type IV in S. epidermidis was found in our study, which is also similar to the results of Granslo et al [38]. It is suggested that the recombinases used to integrate ACME and SCC mec into the bacterial chromosome are able to integrate these 2 genetic elements independently, and different selection mechanisms may apply for S. aureus and S. epidermidis .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Molecular Analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis Strains Isolated from Community and Hospital Environments in China

Zhu

Yan

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Background Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. This study analyzed the differences in genetic endowment and clonal lineages with pathogenesis and resistance traits of S. epidermidis isolates collected from community and hospital environments (patients and healthcare staff) of the same ecological niche, time period, and geographical location in China.Methodology/Principal FindingsMolecular epidemiology and population analysis showed that nasal colonization rates of S. epidermidis in the community of Shanghai area of China and in healthcare personnel were 44.8% (methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis, MRSE: 17.2%) and 61.3% (MRSE: 30.0%), respectively. 86.7% of clinical isolates were MRSE. Among the strains studied, 44 sequence types (STs) were identified with 91.7% belonging to clonal complex 2 (CC2). Only 40.8% isolates from patients were also found in healthy individuals. MRSE-ST2-SCCmecIII was the predominant clone in clinical isolates, almost resistant to all antibiotics tested. Biofilm-related genes IS256 and icaA were detected in majority of the predominant clinical MRSE-ST2 clone with a 40.5% biofilm-positive rate. No ST2 isolate was found in community setting. We found a high prevalence of arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) (74.1%). The prevalence of ACME-arc and ACME-opp3 clusters was 71.6% and 32.4%, respectively. Methicillin-sensitive S. epidermidis (MSSE) isolates harbored more ACME (83.3%) than MRSE isolates (67.7%), and there was no association between ACME and SCCmec types. An association was found between low-level ACME presence and invasive infections.Conclusions/SignificanceWe observed a high level of diversity within S. epidermidis in this study, with CC2 as the dominant clonal complex in both community and hospital settings. Only 40.8% of the isolates from patients were also found in healthy individuals. Contrary to that biofilm formation and multiple antibiotic resistance were associated closely with pathogenicity of S. epidermidis, ACME was more likely to be an indicator for colonization rather than a virulence factor.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Molecular Analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis Strains Isolated from Community and Hospital Environments in China

Zhu

Yan

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…epidermidis isolates in different geographical regions. In this study, there was no association between antibiotic resistance and the presence of ACME genes similar to the findings of other studies [ 45 , 46 ]. Surprisingly ACME positive isolates were more common among the non-sepsis group than the sepsis group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…epidermidis reported by Barbier et al ., [ 17 ]. In contrast, Granslo et al ., [ 45 ] detected all three ACME types in S . epidermidis isolates that they studied suggesting differences in ACME carriage in S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated mainly from preterm neonates

Al-Haqan¹,

Boswihi²,

Pathan³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most common isolates from blood culture in neonates resulting in high mortality and morbidity. This study investigated CoNS obtained from blood cultures of neonates for antibiotic resistance and virulence factors, and possible association with inflammatory response (C-reactive protein). A total of 93 CoNS isolates were collected from 76 blood cultures of neonates at the Maternity hospital in Kuwait in a six-month period and investigated for susceptibility to antibiotics, carriage of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCC mec ), and virulence-associated genes. The 93 CoNS isolates consisted of S . epidermidis (76; 81.7%), S . capitis (12; 12.9%), S . hominis (2; 2.1%), S . warneri (2; 2.1%) and S . haemolyticus (1; 1.0%). Eighty-six (92.4%) of the isolates were resistant to cefoxitin (MR-CoNS) while 49 (52.7%) expressed multi-antibiotic resistance. The methicillin-resistant isolates (MR-CoNS) carried SCC mec III, SCC mec IVa and four combinations of SCC mec types including SCC mec types I+IVa (one S . warneri and 25 S . epidermidis isolates), types I+III (one S . epidermidis isolate), types III+IVa (six S . epidermidis isolates) and types I+III+IVa (one S . epidermidis isolate). The most common virulence-related genes were icaC , seb , arc detected in 69.7%, 60.5%, 40.8% of the isolates respectively. Two isolates were positive for tst1 . No association between C-reactive protein and antibiotic resistance or virulence factors was established. This study revealed that S . epidermidis carrying different SCC mec genetic elements, was the dominant CoNS species isolated from neonatal blood cultures with 90.3% and 36.6% of the isolates positive for genes for biofilm and ACME production respectively.

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“…Studies of ACME have tended to focus on its potential virulence role in S. aureus , although this particular role is still unclear (Diep et al, 2008; Joshi et al, 2011; Montgomery et al, 2009). In S. epidermidis , ACME has been reported to be highly prevalent among carriage isolates (Barbier et al, 2011) and associated with low levels of antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity (Granslo et al, 2010). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differing lifestyles of Staphylococcus epidermidis as revealed through Bayesian clustering of multilocus sequence types

Thomas

Zhang

Robinson

2014

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Staphylococcus epidermidis is part of the normal bacterial flora of human skin and a leading cause of infections associated with indwelling medical devices. Previous phylogenetic analyses of subgenomic data have been unable to distinguish between S. epidermidis strains with nosocomial or commensal lifestyles, despite the identification of specific phenotypes and accessory genes that may contribute to such lifestyles. To attempt to better define the population structure of this species, the international S. epidermidis multilocus sequence typing database was analyzed with the Bayesian clustering programs STRUCTURE and BAPS. A total of six genetic clusters (GCs) were identified. A local population of S. epidermidis from clinical specimens was classified according to these six GCs, and further characterized for antibiotic susceptibilities, biofilm, and various genetic markers. GC5 was abundant and significantly enriched for isolates that were resistant to four classes of antibiotics, high biofilm production, and positive for the virulence markers icaA, IS256, and sesD/bhp, indicating its potential clinical relevance. In contrast, GC2 was rare and contained the only isolates positive for the putative commensal marker, fdh. GC1 and GC6 were abundant but not significantly associated with any of the examined characteristics, except for sesF/aap and GC6. GC3 was rare and identified as a potential genetic sink that received, but did not donate, core genetic material from other GCs. In conclusion, population genetics analyses were essential for identifying clusters of strains that may differ in their adaptation to nosocomial or commensal lifestyles. These results provide a new, population genetics framework for studying S. epidermidis.

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463 Passive Distraction is the Only Determinant of Pain During Venous Blood Sampling in School Children in An Outpatient Clinic Setting

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular Analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis Strains Isolated from Community and Hospital Environments in China

Molecular Analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis Strains Isolated from Community and Hospital Environments in China

Antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated mainly from preterm neonates

Differing lifestyles of Staphylococcus epidermidis as revealed through Bayesian clustering of multilocus sequence types

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