4d→5p transitions in the extreme ultraviolet photoabsorption spectra of Sn<scp>II</scp>and Sn<scp>III</scp>

Duffy, Grainne; Kampen, Paul van; Dunne, Padraig

doi:10.1088/0953-4075/34/15/319

Cited by 61 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the published data on the Sn II transitions in the studied spectral region [24] we find that the observed enhancement of the 16th harmonic (E = 25.43 eV) and the 17th harmonic (E = 27.02 eV) of the chirp-free 780 nm radiation (see Figs. 2 and 3) can be attributed to the transitions 4d 10 5s 2 5p 2 P 3/2 → 4d 9 5s 2 5p 2 .…”

Section: Theoretical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 69%

Experimental and theoretical studies of two-color-pump resonance-induced enhancement of odd and even harmonics from a tin plasma

et al. 2012

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We study high-order harmonic generation from a laser-produced tin plasma using 780 and 390 nm, 40 fs, 1 kHz pulses. Varying the chirp of the laser radiation, we observe variation of the harmonic frequency and intensity. The enhanced 16th and 17th harmonics are attributed to the influence of the strong ionic transitions of tin. Theoretical calculations of the photoabsorption spectra reveal the decisive role of Sn II and Sn III transitions in the enhancement of single harmonics. Varying the fundamental frequency we study numerically the spectral width where the harmonic is enhanced. We find, both theoretically and experimentally, that this width is wider than the one of the corresponding resonance in the photoabsorption spectrum. The resonance line modification can be explained by the Stark shift of the autoionizing state in the laser field, as well as the photoionization of this state.

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Section: Theoretical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 69%

Experimental and theoretical studies of two-color-pump resonance-induced enhancement of odd and even harmonics from a tin plasma

et al. 2012

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“…Some spectral lines of Sn II were also reported by Brill [10] in his doctoral thesis and by Wu [11] in his master thesis. Apart from spectroscopy of valence-shell electrons, spectral studies of the 4d-core excitation of Sn II in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region with the dual laser plasma (DLP) method were made by Lysaght et al [12] and by Duffy et al [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although, as noted above, some studies of the 4d core-excited spectrum of Sn II have been published [12,13], we restrict the scope of this paper to excitations of the n = 5 electrons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended and revised analysis of singly ionized tin: Sn II

Haris¹,

Kramida²,

Tauheed³

2014

Phys. Scr.

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Abstract. The electronic structure of singly ionized tin (Sn II) is partly a one-electron and partly a three-electron system with ground configuration 5s 2 5p. The excited configurations are of the type 5s 2 nℓ in the one-electron part, and 5s5p 2 , 5p 3 and 5s5pnℓ (nℓ = 6s, 5d) in the three-electron system with quartet and doublet levels. The spectrum analyzed in this work was recorded on a 3 m normal incidence vacuum spectrograph of the Antigonish laboratory (Canada) in the wavelength region 300 Å to 2080 Å using a triggered spark source. The existing interpretation of the one-electron level system was confirmed in this paper, while the 2 S 1/2 level of the 5s5p 2 configuration has been revised. The analysis has been extended to include new configurations 5p 3 , 5s5p5d and 5s5p6s with the aid of superposition-of-configurations Hartree-Fock calculations with relativistic corrections. The ionization potential obtained from the ng series was found to be 118023.7(5) cm −1 (14.63307(6) eV). We give a complete set of critically evaluated data on energy levels, observed wavelengths and transition probabilities of Sn II in the range 888 Å to 10740 Å involving excitation of the n = 5 electrons.

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“…At a delay of 300 ns the plasma was dominated by Sn II and at a delay of 60 ns by Sn III and Sn IV ions which proved difficult to isolate. The identity of the absorbing species was achieved by comparison with 4d → np absorption from 4d 10 5s m 5p k ground configurations under identical experimental conditions [13][14][15][16] as shown in figure's 2, 3, and 4 below. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoabsorption spectra of a laser produced Sn plasma

et al. 2005

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The search for a source of EUV radiation for photolithography in the 13.5 nm region has been narrowed down to laser produced or pulsed discharge plasmas containing either xenon or tin. 1 Higher conversion efficiencies can however be obtained with tin based plasmas within this wavelength regime. 2 It is known that EUV photoabsorption by the lower ion stages of xenon reduces the photon flux from a xenon source. 3 This is due to shape resonances from 4d → f transitions within Xe I -IV. The corresponding resonances for Sn I -IV have been obtained by means of the dual laser plasma (DLP) technique. 4 It is also found that above the 4d ionisation threshold the spectra of Sn I -IV are dominated by a 4d → f shape resonance which peaks at close to 65 eV in each case. A transfer of oscillator strength from the shape resonance to pseudo-discrete 4d → nf transitions with increasing ionisation is clearly evident. Hartree Fock with configuration interaction and relativistic time dependent local density approximation calculations successfully account for this behaviour and also permit identification of the discrete features.

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4d→5p transitions in the extreme ultraviolet photoabsorption spectra of SnIIand SnIII

Cited by 61 publications

References 17 publications

Experimental and theoretical studies of two-color-pump resonance-induced enhancement of odd and even harmonics from a tin plasma

Experimental and theoretical studies of two-color-pump resonance-induced enhancement of odd and even harmonics from a tin plasma

Extended and revised analysis of singly ionized tin: Sn II

Photoabsorption spectra of a laser produced Sn plasma

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