5-Aminolevulinic Acid Induced Photodynamic Damage of the Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain of Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) Cotyledons

Tripathy, Baishnab C.; Chakraborty, Niranjan

doi:10.1104/pp.96.3.761

Cited by 65 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Each Petri plate, having 15 seedlings, was sprayed with 5 mL of aqueous ALA solution (20 mM, pH 4.8) as described previously (20). Control seedlings were sprayed with distilled water (pH 4.8).…”

Section: Ala Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biological tissues that accumulate porphyrins are sensitive to photodynamic reaction and can be destroyed by it (3,(18)(19)(20). Porphyric patients suffer from sun burns (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon exposure ofALA-treated plants to sunlight, these excess tetrapyrroles are photosensitized and consequent photodynamic reactions kill the plants within a few hours (3,(18)(19)(20). Photodynamic damage to plants is accompanied by destruction of photosynthetic reactions, and this damage appears to be irreversible (20). '02 is produced due to the type II photosensitization reaction of porphyrins (1 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…'02 is produced due to the type II photosensitization reaction of porphyrins (1 1). It was proposed that '02 could be involved in porphyrin-sensitized photodynamic damage of ALA-treated plants (3,(18)(19)(20) difficult to demonstrate the production of '02 in intact plants.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…102 produced due to a photodynamic reaction could be monitored in chloroplast suspensions. PSII is highly susceptible to slight perturbation of the thylakoid membrane and is known to be affected by photodynamic reactions (20). If '02 is the active 02 species involved in photodynamic reactions, the photodynamic damage would be protected by '02 scavengers.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Involvement of Singlet Oxygen in 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Induced Photodynamic Damage of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Chloroplasts

Chakraborty¹,

Tripathy²

1992

Plant Physiol.

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133

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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., cv Poinsette) plants were sprayed with 20 millimolar 5-aminolevulinic acid and then incubated in the dark for 14 hours. The intact chloroplasts were isolated from the above plants in the dark and were exposed to weak light (250 micromoles per square meter per second). Within 30 minutes, photosystem 11 activity was reduced by 50%. The singlet oxygen (102) scavengers, histidine and sodium azide (NaN3) significantly protected against the damage caused to photosystem II. The hydroxyl radical scavenger formate failed to protect the thylakoid membranes. The production of 102 monitored as N,N-dimethyl p-nitrosoaniline bleaching increased as a function of light exposure time of treated chloroplasts and was abolished by the 102 quencher, NaN3. Membrane lipid peroxidation monitored as malondialdehyde production was also significantly reduced when chloroplasts were illuminated in the presence of NaN3 and histidine. Protochlorophyllide was the most abundant pigment accumulated in intact chloroplasts isolated from 5-aminolevulinic acid-treated plants and was probably acting as type 11 photosensitizer.

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Section: Ala Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biological tissues that accumulate porphyrins are sensitive to photodynamic reaction and can be destroyed by it (3,(18)(19)(20). Porphyric patients suffer from sun burns (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Involvement of Singlet Oxygen in 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Induced Photodynamic Damage of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Chloroplasts

Chakraborty¹,

Tripathy²

1992

Plant Physiol.

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133

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Photosynthesis research in India: transition from yield physiology into molecular biology

Raghavendra

Sane

Mohanty

Discoveries in Photosynthesis

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Chlorophyll Biosynthesis: Spectrofluorometric Estimation of Protoporphyrin IX, Mg-Protoporphyrin and Protochlorophyllide

Hukmani

Tripathy

1992

Regulation of Chloroplast Biogenesis

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The metal ion-induced inhibition of tetrapyr-role biosynthesis was studied in the cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans. The accumulation of protoporphyrin and Mg proto-porphyrin due to the effect of Co2' and Mn2+ treatment, respectively , pointed to two different sites of inhibition. Chlorophyll biosynthesis is inhibited by iron deficiency induced by a number of metals (1)-cobalt and manganese in particular. The mechanism is considered to be competition for an active site where iron is necessary for functional integrity. The photosynthetic pigment apparatus of blue-green algae contains both chlorophyll and phycobiliproteins. The chromophore of the latter is also a tetrapyrrole, albeit a linear one (2). After nitrate starvation the blue-green algae are capable of regenerating their pigment apparatus, and in the process, several fluorescent tetrapyrroles, intermediates in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, are detectable (3). In the present paper we show that manganese and cobalt, both inhibitors of chlorophyll biosynthesis, are acting at different stages of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, and we shall identify the steps in biosynthesis where inhibition occurs. METHODS Anacystis nidulans (strain IU 625) was maintained on agar slants enriched with medium C of Kratz and Myers (4) and illuminated by fluorescent tubes (3,000 lux). When maintained in liquid medium C, the cells were grown in glass tubes at 38°C with an illumination of 10,000 lux and were supplied with 95% air/5% CO2. Nitrate starvation was induced by suspending the algal cells in nitrate-deficient culture medium. For regeneration experiments, the cells were collected and resuspended in whole medium C. Fluorescence measurements were carried out using a Per-kin Elmer MPF 3 spectrofluorimeter. Both excitation and observation slits were set at 6-nm bandwidth. Fluorescence spectra were not corrected for the spectral sensitivity of the apparatus because only relative changes in fluorescence are discussed. Absorption spectra were recorded by a UNICAM SP 1800 UV spectrophotometer, using the opal glass method of Shi-bata et al. (5). Phycocyanin/chlorophyll ratios were calculated from the in vivo absorption spectra (6). Pigment Extraction. A 3-ml algal suspension was mixed with 15 ml of acetone/0.1 M NH4 OH, (9:1 (vol/vol) at 0°C and centrifuged at 39,000 x g for 10 min (7). The supernatant was extracted once with 10 ml and twice with 5 ml of n-hexane. The pooled hexane extracts were back-extracted with 5 ml of fresh 75% aqueous acetone fraction. The pigments in the acetone extract were transferred to ether before chromatography. This was achieved by adding 1/17 of its volume of saturated NaCl and 1/70 of its volume of 0.5 M KH2PO4. The mixture was extracted once with 10 ml of per-oxide-free ether and then twice with 5 ml of ether. The combined ether extracts were concentrated under N2. The water/ acetone residue was extracted three times with 5 ml of ether. This final ether phase was concentrated under N2. All procedures were carried out in the dark. Chromatography. The pigment...

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5-Aminolevulinic Acid Induced Photodynamic Damage of the Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Cotyledons

Cited by 65 publications

References 24 publications

Involvement of Singlet Oxygen in 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Induced Photodynamic Damage of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Chloroplasts

Involvement of Singlet Oxygen in 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Induced Photodynamic Damage of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Chloroplasts

Photosynthesis research in India: transition from yield physiology into molecular biology

Chlorophyll Biosynthesis: Spectrofluorometric Estimation of Protoporphyrin IX, Mg-Protoporphyrin and Protochlorophyllide

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