5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid in cerebrospinal fluid in alcoholic patients under different clinical conditions

Borg, Stefan; Kvande, Hans; Liljeberg, Paula; Mossberg, Dick; Valverius, Peter

doi:10.1016/0741-8329(85)90106-5

Cited by 96 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Alcoholism is associated with altered CSF monoamine metabolite levels (Ballenger et al, 1979;Banki and Molnar, 1981;Borg et al, 1985;Ratsma et al, 2002;Sher et al, 2003). For example, we have demonstrated that in individuals with major depression, those with comorbid alcoholism had lower CSF homovanillic acid (HVA) levels compared with those without comorbid alcoholism (Sher et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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CSF monoamine metabolites and lethality of suicide attempts in depressed patients with alcohol dependence

Sher¹,

Oquendo²,

Grunebaum³

et al. 2007

European Neuropsychopharmacology

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Background: Alcohol dependence (alcoholism) and major depressive disorder are frequently comorbid and are risk factors for suicidal behavior. Monoaminergic abnormalities have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, alcohol dependence, and suicidal behavior. Lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels are associated with higher lethality of suicide attempts in major depression and predict a higher rate of future suicide. We sought to study the relationship of CSF monoamine metabolites to lethality of suicidal acts in depressed subjects with comorbid alcoholism. Methods:We compared 16 high-and 16 low-lethality drug-free depressed suicide attempters with comorbid alcoholism. Subjects were free from any substance use disorder for at least two months. Demographic and clinical parameters, and CSF 5-HIAA, homovanillic acid (HVA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) levels were examined. Results:The two groups did not differ with regard to the demographic characteristics. CSF 5-HIAA levels were lower in high-lethality attempters compared to low-lethality attempters. There were no group difference in CSF HVA or MHPG levels. Conclusion:Higher lethality of suicidal behavior in depressed patients with alcoholism is related to lower serotonergic activity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, our study did not focus on suicidal behavior. CSF 5-HIAA is lower in abstinent alcoholics (Ballenger et al, 1979;Banki and Molnar, 1981;Borg et al, 1985). Comorbidity of major depression with alcoholism could mean lower CSF 5-HIAA and underlie greater risk of higher lethality suicide attempts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CSF monoamine metabolites and lethality of suicide attempts in depressed patients with alcohol dependence

Sher¹,

Oquendo²,

Grunebaum³

et al. 2007

European Neuropsychopharmacology

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“…Numerous studies have shown that men with psychopathological syndromes associated with impaired impulse control, such as explosive aggression and impulsive violence, and social incompetence exhibit low CNS serotonin 5-HT activity, as reflected in low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of the major 5-HT metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) (Brown et al, , 1982Linnoila et al, 1983;Kruesi et al, 1990;Virkkunen et al, 1994a, b). Included among these deleterious patterns are high rates of criminality, alcohol dependence and abuse, and premature mortality from murder and suicide Banki et al, 1981;Borg et al, 1985;Moss, 1987;Roy et al, 1989;Virkkunen et al, 1989). Although relations among serotonin, impaired impulse control, severe aggression, and social competence are less well-documented in women than in men, the limited literature base suggests a pattern of impulsive deficits that is consistent across sexes (Linnoila and Virkkunen, 1992; but see Manuck et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Correlates of Aggression and Impulsivity in Free-Ranging Female Primates

Westergaard¹,

Suomi

Chavanne³

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

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We examined the relations among cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monoamine metabolite concentrations, plasma hormone concentrations, aggression, and impulsive risk-taking behavior in a free-ranging population of female rhesus macaques. We selected 44 juvenile female rhesus macaques as subjects from a population of approximately 3000 macaques that inhabit a 475-acre Sea Island. We obtained CSF and blood samples, and recorded behavioral observations over a subsequent 18-month period. Our results indicate an inverse correlation between CSF concentrations of the major serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and the frequency of low-intensity restrained aggression typically associated with matrilineal defense of social status. In contrast, previous research with males has shown an inverse correlation between CSF 5-HIAA concentrations and levels of violent unstrained aggression typically associated with traumatic injury and death. We also noted a negative correlation between plasma concentrations of the stress hormone cortisol and the frequency of low-intensity aggressive acts, a finding not reported in our previous studies with males. Further examination revealed a negative correlation between CSF 5-HIAA concentrations and the rate of long dangerous leaps through the forest canopy, suggesting that the relation between low serotonergic functioning and impulsivity may generalize to both female and male primates. These results indicate that females with low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations, like their male counterparts, are at increased risk for impulsive temperament, but that unlike males, females may be buffered from this risk through intersexual differences in life history patterns and social affiliation.

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“…For example, Balldin and colleagues (Balldin et al 1994) found that human subjects with modestly elevated rates of alcohol consumption (below 107 g per day, mean consumption 85 g per day) were particularly likely to reduce their alcohol consumption after SSRI treatment as compared with subjects with very high consumption rates (above 107 g, mean consumption 138 g per day). On the other hand, studies show that primates with the lowest CNS serotonin functioning tend to be the highest alcohol consumers (Higley et al 1991, and alcoholics and sons of alcoholics also show low CNS serotonin functioning Banki 1981;Borg et al 1985). It is therefore not unreasonable to predict that the subjects with the highest consumption patterns would benefit most from SSRI treatment.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Sertraline Reduces Excessive Alcohol Consumption in Nonhuman Primates: Effect of Stress

Higley

Hasert²,

Suomi³

et al. 1998

Neuropsychopharmacology

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Many monkeys that are reared without adult influence, with only peers, voluntarily consume alcohol in amounts producing intoxication on a relatively regular basis. Using a cross-over design, eight adolescent, peer-reared rhesus monkeys were allowed unfettered access to an 8.4% ethanol solution and treated with 20 mg/kgA large number of preclinical studies have reported high rates of alcohol consumption among animals with reduced central nervous system (CNS) serotonin functioning (for reviews, see Sellers et al. 1992;LeMarquand et al. 1994b). Among humans, clinical studies show evidence of reduced CNS serotonin functioning in subjects at risk for or who exhibit early onset alcohol abuse and alcoholism (for recent reviews see LeMarquand et al. 1994a;Litten et al. 1996;Pettinati 1996). Some recent studies show that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are promising as adjunctive pharmacological treatment for maintenance of abstinence (see LeMarquand et al. 1994b). Preclinical studies with rodents show that the SSRIs reduce alcohol consumption (LeMarquand et al. 1994b). Similarly, in a number of small scale studies, SSRIs have shown promise as an adjunct treatment for alcohol abuse and alcoholism (LeMarquand et al. 1994a;Pettinati 1996). The controlled studies conducted by Gorelick (1989) and Kranzler et al. (1995) showed, however, that fluoxetine was ineffective in promoting maintenance of abstinence among treatment-seeking alcoholics. More recently, researchers used a controlled study to demonstrate that citalopram was efficacious in promoting maintenance 18 , NO . 6 of abstinence among early-onset, violent male alcoholics thought to have reduced central serotonin functioning (Tiihonen et al. 1996). Because of the conflicting reports on the efficacy of the SSRIs in the maintenance of abstinence, we decided to investigate sertraline as a potential treatment for excessive alcohol intake, using a nonhuman primate model with monkeys known to have reduced central serotonin functioning (Higley et al. 1996d,e). Furthermore, we designed the study specifically to examine the role that stress plays in excessive alcohol consumption among nonhuman primates and to test the efficacy of sertraline in mitigating the effects of stress on alcohol consumption.Until recently, it was widely believed that nonhuman primates would not voluntarily consume alcohol in appreciable quantities (e.g., Mello and Mendelson 1971;Meisch et al. 1975;Crowley et al. 1983); consequently, they were not typically used in research on alcohol abuse. More recent studies have shown, however, that for many species of primates, many (but not all) subjects will freely consume alcohol in quantities that produce pharmacological effects when an alcohol solution is palatable (Higley et al. 1991;Higley 1996;Higley and Linnoila 1997). Within some species, such as rhesus macaques and other Old World primate species, some individual subjects will routinely consume sufficient quantities of alcohol to produce blood levels exceeding the limits of legal in...

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5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid in cerebrospinal fluid in alcoholic patients under different clinical conditions

Cited by 96 publications

References 13 publications

CSF monoamine metabolites and lethality of suicide attempts in depressed patients with alcohol dependence

CSF monoamine metabolites and lethality of suicide attempts in depressed patients with alcohol dependence

Physiological Correlates of Aggression and Impulsivity in Free-Ranging Female Primates

The Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Sertraline Reduces Excessive Alcohol Consumption in Nonhuman Primates: Effect of Stress

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