5-Hydroxytryptamine (5HT) Receptors in the Heart Valves of Cynomolgus Monkeys and Sprague-Dawley Rats

Abstract

S U M M A R Y 5-Hydroxytryptamine-2B receptor (5HT2BR) stimulation is known to cause fibroblast mitogenesis, and the mitogenic effect has been proposed to trigger valvular heart disease in humans. In this study, we used real-time polymerase chain reaction (TaqMan) to quantify transcript levels of 5HT2B, 5HT2C, and 5HT1B receptors and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the tissue localization of these receptors in the normal heart valves of cynomolgus (CM) monkeys and Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats. In both species, positive immunostaining was noted for 5HT1B and 5HT2B receptors in mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonary valves, and the cell types showing positive staining were interstitial cells and endothelial cells lining the valve leaflet. In CM monkeys, 5HT2CR was expressed only in the endothelial cells lining the leaflet, whereas S-D valves were negative for this receptor. IHC results were correlated with 5HT2B and 5HT1B receptor transcripts for all four valves. However, 5HT2C receptor transcripts were lower than 5HT2B or 5HT1B in all CM monkey valves, whereas 5HT2C transcripts were below the level of detection in any of the S-D rat valves. Our data showed the expression of 5HT2B, 5HT1B, and 5HT2C receptors in the normal heart valves of CM monkeys and S-D rats, and IHC and TaqMan techniques may be used to study the potential mechanism of compounds with 5HT2BR agonist activity.

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“…3 Preliminary animal studies using Sprague-Dawley rats and cynomolgus monkeys demonstrated that longterm exposure to high levels of serotonin induces morphological (shortened and thickened aortic cusps and carcinoid like plaques made of myofibroblasts within an ECM of collagen ground substance) as well as echocardiographic changes similar to those seen in human CHD [53][54][55] . It has been demonstrated that the overexpression of 5-HT 2B receptors in hearts of transgenic mice resulted in cardiac hypertrophy and decreased ventricular function due to enhanced ECM deposition and remodelling [56] , whereas genetic deletion of 5-HT 2B receptors has been shown to lead to ventricular dilatation and incomplete cardiac development [57] .…”

Serotonin Transporter Mechanisms and Cardiac Disease

“…have been demonstrated to be present in heart valve cells 7,9,13 ; thus, the impact of 5-HT on cardiac valve tissue may be both extensive and complex.…”

The 5-HT2C Receptor Agonist Lorcaserin Reduces Nicotine Self-Administration, Discrimination, and Reinstatement: Relationship to Feeding Behavior and Impulse Control

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