5-Methylcytosine immunohistochemistry for predicting cutaneous melanoma prognosis

Meevassana, Jiraroch; Varophas, Shananya; Prabsattru, Piyawan; Kamolratanakul, Supitcha; Ruangritchankul, Komkrit; Kitkumthorn, Nakarin

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-58011-z

Sci Rep

2024

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58011-z

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5-Methylcytosine immunohistochemistry for predicting cutaneous melanoma prognosis

Jiraroch Meevassana,

Shananya Varophas,

Piyawan Prabsattru

et al.

Abstract: There is a correlation between DNA methylation and the diseased stage and poor survival. 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) is one of the epigenetic modifications of bases that researchers focus on. Staining with 5-mC immunohistochemistry was used to examine pathological samples taken from individuals diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma. Between Breslow levels 2 and 4, there was a significant difference in the H-score of 5-mC expression (p = 0.046). A significant reduction in 5-mC expression H-scores was seen in patients w… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

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Transcriptional dysregulation and insights into clinical implications in melanoma

Shen,

Chen,

Nian

et al. 2024

Holist Integ Oncol

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Melanoma, a highly prevalent cancer worldwide, exhibits remarkable diversity and plasticity, with the adverse prognosis of advanced melanoma remaining a focal point of investigation. Despite the emergence of novel drugs and combination therapies improving patient outcomes, challenges such as drug resistance and incomplete mechanistic understanding persist. Transcriptional programs play a pivotal role in determining the characteristics of both normal and tumour cells, with their dysregulation of these programs being a hallmark of melanoma. Abnormalities in transcription regulation not only impact the characteristics of melanoma cells but also influence the tumor’s metabolism and immune microenvironment, forming a complex network in tumours. Thus, understanding these changes comprehensively is crucial for unravelling the mechanisms underlying melanoma initiation, progression, response to targeted and immune therapies, and treatment resistance. This review primarily explores the transcriptional features in normal melanocytes and melanoma cells, emphasizing their profound impact on cell metabolism and immune evasion. Furthermore, the plasticity of melanoma cells and its relationship with treatment resistance and metastasis are highlighted, emphasizing the importance of targeting dysregulated transcriptional factors and pathways. Finally, potential clinical implications in targeting transcriptional abnormalities are highlighted, particularly in metastatic or treatment-resistant melanomas. This comprehensive overview aims to contribute to the advancement of melanoma research and the development of precise and effective treatments.

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Transcriptional dysregulation and insights into clinical implications in melanoma

Shen,

Chen,

Nian

et al. 2024

Holist Integ Oncol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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. Prevalence and prognostic mutation V600E in the BRAF gene in stage I cutaneous melanoma

Titov,

Sorokina,

Grekov

et al. 2024

jour

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Introduction. Melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin tumors, which occurs against the background of malignant transformation and proliferation of melanocytes. Risk factors for the development of cutaneous melanoma are solar radiation and duration of exposure, old age, individual patient characteristics (light skin, a large number of nevi, including atypical ones, family history) and others. Research in recent years shows that this disease is associated with a number of genetic changes, both congenital and acquired.Aim. To study the frequency of occurrence and prognostic significance of the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene in stage I skin melanoma.Materials and methods. The study was retrospective in nature and included 88 patients with stage I cutaneous melanoma (pT1–2aN0M0). All patients underwent a sentinel lymph node biopsy and no metastases were detected in it (pN0). All patients underwent molecular genetic analysis of the tumor to identify the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene with further assessment of the effect on the progression of early skin melanoma in cases of its detection.Results. The median follow-up time for patients was 32.5 (12–214) months. In 25 (28.4 %) patients of the total sample, the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene was detected. Melanoma progression during follow-up occurred in 23.9 % of patients: 44 % with the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene and 15.9 % without it (p = 0.012). In patients with this mutation, regional metastasis was more often observed, with a predominant localization of distant metastases in the bones. Survival rates were significantly higher in patients without a mutation in the BRAF gene: 1-year disease-free survival of patients without a mutation in this gene was 95 %, 3-year – 87%, 5-year – 65 %, in patients with this mutation – 84, 57 and 37 % respectively. According to the results of Cox regression analysis, in the presence of a mutation in the BRAF gene, there was an increase in the risk of progression to stage I cutaneous melanoma by 2.973 times (p = 0.016).Conclusion. The V600E mutation in the BRAF gene occurs in 28.4 % of patients with stage I cutaneous melanoma and is an unfavorable prognostic factor for disease progression.

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5-Methylcytosine immunohistochemistry for predicting cutaneous melanoma prognosis

Cited by 2 publications

References 44 publications

Transcriptional dysregulation and insights into clinical implications in melanoma

Transcriptional dysregulation and insights into clinical implications in melanoma

. Prevalence and prognostic mutation V600E in the BRAF gene in stage I cutaneous melanoma

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