5 The Behavioral Consequences of Irrational Beliefs

Szentágotai, Aurora; Jones, J. C. H.

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182231.003.0005

Cited by 35 publications

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“…This is important because depreciation beliefs are associated with unhealthy anger (Szentagotai & Jones, 2010), which can lead to maladaptive behaviours such as violent outbursts, withdrawal, or even recruiting allies against the perceived perpetrator (Dryden & Branch, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has consistently shown that irrational beliefs are associated with dysfunctional emotions such as heightened anxiety, feelings of anger and shame, and psychopathological conditions including depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts (for a review see Browne, Dowd, & Freeman, 2010), as well as maladaptive behaviours such as social avoidance, self-harming, procrastination, anger suppression, aggression, and violence (for a review see Szentagotai & Jones, 2010). Therefore the goal of REBT is to help people to change irrational beliefs for rational beliefs, thus changing the way in which an event is cognitively appraised (David, Schnur, & Belliou, 2002;Hyland & Boduszek, 2012), promoting functional emotions and adaptive behaviours that facilitate psychological well-being and goal achievement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In REBT there are four types of irrational belief, one primary (demands) and three secondary (awfulizing, low-frustration tolerance, self-depreciation); the secondary beliefs are derived from the primary belief. In parallel, there are also four types of rational belief, one primary (preferences) and three secondary (anti-awfulizing, high-frustration tolerance, self-acceptance); again the secondary beliefs are derived from the primary belief (Dryden, 2012).Research has consistently shown that irrational beliefs are associated with dysfunctional emotions such as heightened anxiety, feelings of anger and shame, and psychopathological conditions including depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts (for a review see Browne, Dowd, & Freeman, 2010), as well as maladaptive behaviours such as social avoidance, self-harming, procrastination, anger suppression, aggression, and violence (for a review see Szentagotai & Jones, 2010). Therefore the goal of REBT is to help people to change irrational beliefs for rational beliefs, thus changing the way in which an event is cognitively appraised (David, Schnur, & Belliou, 2002;Hyland & Boduszek, 2012), promoting functional emotions and adaptive behaviours that facilitate psychological well-being and goal achievement.…”

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Examining the Effects of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) on the Irrational Beliefs of Blue-Chip Professionals

Turner

Barker

2014

J Rat-Emo Cognitive-Behav Ther

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The extant literature reveals a scarcity of research applying rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) in business settings. Against the backdrop of severe market conditions and inevitable involuntary job loss, the application of psychological interventions to reduce mental and physical health issues is highly pertinent and potentially valuable. This paper reports the effects of an intensive REBT programme on the irrational beliefs of staff undergoing redundancy from a Blue-Chip organisation. A repeated-measures single-group intervention design was adopted so that changes in irrational beliefs could be assessed over the course of the REBT programme. Results indicated significant reductions in total irrational beliefs, other-depreciation, need for achievement, and demand for fairness from pretest to posttest phases. Social validation data indicated perceived psychological and performance benefits. Results are discussed with reference to mechanisms of change, study limitations, and applied research issues.Keywords: business, emotions, applied psychology, intervention, job loss, social validation Examining the Effects of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) on the Irrational Beliefs of Blue-Chip Professionals "I have been made redundant before and it is a terrible blow; redundant is a rotten word because it makes you think you are useless." -Billy Connolly Blue-chip businesses trade in a constantly changing and often unpredictable environment. The economic uncertainty that many organisations are functioning within forces sudden but necessary changes in staffing for the businesses to continue to trade. Unfortunately, as a consequence of leaner financial times, redundancies or layoffs have increased. Indeed, the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) reported in 2012 that almost 2.7 million people were made redundant between 2008 and 2012 in the U.K., equivalent to one in ten employees at the start of the recession.There is little doubt that redundancy, also known as a layoff or involuntary withdrawal from work, has a negative psychological impact on the employees it affects. Indeed, research indicates that increased redundancy begets short and long term mental and physical health issues, and impaired psycho-social functioning (Beale & Nethercott, 1985;Catalano, 1991;Penkower, Bromet, & Dew, 1988;Price, Choi, & Vinokur, 2002). Job loss is associated with anxiety, aggression, apathy, passivity, and depression (Cohn, 1978;Leana & Feldman, 1988; Warr, 1978). Job insecurity, considered to be a prelude to job loss (Dekker & Schaufeli, 1995), can be augmented by planned redundancies that have not yet occurred. Work conditions characterised by uncertainty causes stress for employees (Sell, Brief, & Schuler, 1981) stemming from the anticipation of job loss and ambiguity about the future (Joelson & Wahlquist, 1987). In addition, job insecurity is associated with lower job satisfaction and increased self-reported physical stress symptoms (Heaney, Isreal, & House, 1994), and increased psychosomati...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining the Effects of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) on the Irrational Beliefs of Blue-Chip Professionals

Turner

Barker

2014

J Rat-Emo Cognitive-Behav Ther

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“…Discomfort disturbance results when people hold irrational beliefs about their comfort. They also believe that they absolutely must get what they want and tend to exaggerate consequences if these demands are not achieved (Szentagotai & Jones, 2009).…”

Section: Teacher Stress and Rebtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uloga stresora na radu i iracionalnih uverenja u predikciji nastavničkog stresa

Popov¹,

Popov

Damjanović³

2015

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Prema teoriji Racionalno emotivno bihejvioralne terapije (REBT), iracionalna uverenja predstavljaju uzročne mehanizme uključene u nastanak psiholoških poremećaja i problema (David, Freeman, & DiGiuseppe, 2009). U praksi postoji razvijen sistem konsultativnog rada sa nastavnicima, zasnovan na identifikaciji i osporavanju specifičnih iracionalnih uverenja (Bora, Bernard, Trip, Decsei-Radu, & Chereji, 2009; Terjesen & Kurasaki, 2009). Dosadašnja istraživanja u ovoj oblasti su se ticala psihometrijske operacionalizacije iracionalnih uverenja nastavnika, kao i vezom između tih uverenja i nastavničkog stresa (Bora et al., 2009). Mi pretpostavljamo da osim uverenja postoje i specifični organizacijski izvori stresa u školama koji utiču na nivo nastavničkog stresa. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitivanje veze između izvora stresa na radu (u školama), specifičnih iracionalnih uverenja i nivoa psihološkog distresa kod nastavnog osoblja. Uzorak u istraživanju činilo je 186 nastavnika i učitelja oba pola, iz osnovnih i srednjih škola sa teritorije Zrenjanina i Sombora (Vojvodina). Prosečna starost ispitanika je 40 godina. Instrumenti korišćeni za prikupljanje podataka su: Skala nastavničkih iracionalnih uverenja (The Teacher Irrational Belief Scale – TIBS), Izvori radnog stresa (IRS) i Skala depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – DASS-21). Za obradu podataka korišćeno je strukturalno modelovanje. Rezultati ukazuju da i stresori na radu i iracionalna uverenja imaju direktnog uticaja na distres. Uverenja, dakle, predstavljaju parcijalne medijatore u ovoj vezi. To je očekivan rezultat koji je objašnjen razlikovanjem 'zdravog' i 'nezdravog' emocionalnog odgovora u REBT teoriji i praksi.

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“…The latter beliefs are equally close and differentially related to distress. Indeed, several studies highlight the mechanistic role played by SD in depression, by AWF in anxiety, and by LFT in selfcontrol problems (e.g., anger, addictions, binge eating, self-harm) (for a review, see Szentagotai & Jones, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%