5′ UTR and NS5B-based genotyping of hepatitis C virus in patients from Damietta governorate, Egypt

El-Tahan, Radwa R.; Ghoneim, Ahmed M.; Zaghloul, Hosam

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2018.01.004

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…GT 3 is the second most abundant genotype accounting for 30% HCV infection worldwide and widely spread in South Asia, Australia, and some parts of Western Europe ( Messina et al, 2015 ). GT 4 is almost endemic in Egypt where seroprevalence was recorded 10% in 2015 ( El-Tahan et al, 2018 ). HCV GT 4 infected populations also exist in some parts of the Central and North Africa and the Middle East (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HCV GT 4 infected populations also exist in some parts of the Central and North Africa and the Middle East (e.g. Saudi Arabia) ( El-Tahan et al, 2018 ). GT 5, 6, and 7 are commonly reported in South Korea, Southeast Asia (e.g., Hong Kong), South Africa, and Congo respectively ( Shier et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It envisages that either the region is either too conserved or not heterogeneous enough or certain sequence motifs are no longer conserved. It requires elucidation and removing those discrepancies in 5′UTR nucleotide sequences and necessitates improving the existing methods of HCV GTs/subtypes identification ( El-Tahan et al, 2018 , Baclig et al, 2010 ). Typing of HCV isolates is considered a key marker of the likelihood of a response to therapy and a guideline for the duration of therapy in clinical settings ( McPhee, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virological surveillance, molecular phylogeny, and evolutionary dynamics of hepatitis C virus subtypes 1a and 4a isolates in patients from Saudi Arabia

Almalki

Shahid

Abdalla

et al. 2021

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) subtypes are pre-requisite to predict endemicity, epidemiology, clinical pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection. HCV genotypes 4 and 1 are the most prevalent in Saudi Arabia, however; less consensus data exist on circulating HCV subtypes in infected individuals. This study was aimed to demonstrate the virological surveillance, phylogenetic analysis, and evolutionary relationship of HCV genotypes 4 and 1 subtypes in the Saudi population with the rest of the world. Fifty-five clinical specimens from different parts of the country were analyzed based on 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) amplification, direct sequencing, and for molecular evolutionary genetic analysis. Pair-wise comparison and multiple sequence alignment were performed to determine the nucleotide conservation, nucleotide variation, and positional mutations within the sequenced isolates. The evolutionary relationship of sequenced HCV isolates with referenced HCV strains from the rest of the world was established by computing pairwise genetic distances and generating phylogenetic trees. Twelve new sequences were submitted to GenBank, NCBI database. The results revealed that HCV subtype 4a is more prevalent preceded by 1a in the Saudi population. Molecular phylogeny predicts the descendants’ relationship of subtype 4a isolates very close to Egyptian prototype HCV strains, while 1a isolates were homogeneous and clustering to the European and North American genetic lineages. The implications of this study highlight the importance of HCV subtyping as an indispensable tool to monitor the distribution of viral strains, to determine the risk factors of infection prevalence, and to investigate clinical differences of treatment outcomes among intergenotypic and intragenotypic isolates in the treated population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virological surveillance, molecular phylogeny, and evolutionary dynamics of hepatitis C virus subtypes 1a and 4a isolates in patients from Saudi Arabia

Almalki

Shahid

Abdalla

et al. 2021

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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“…It is widely distributed worldwide, but Egypt still has the highest prevalence among all countries affected by HCV infection. 1 A high degree of nucleotide sequence variability is found in the HCV coding region. This variability is attributed to errors occurring during replication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is widely distributed worldwide, but Egypt still has the highest prevalence among all countries affected by HCV infection. 1 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis C Virus for Developed Antiviral Agents Resistance Mutations and New Insights into in-silico Prediction Studies</p>

El‐Sokkary¹,

Gotina²,

Al-Sanea³

et al. 2020

IDR

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Background: Identification and characterization of developed antiviral drug resistance mutations are key to the success of antiviral therapies against hepatitis C virus (HCV), which remains a worldwide highly prevalent pathogenic disease. Although most studies focus on HCV genotypes 1, 2 or 3, the investigation of drug resistance in HCV genotype 4, predominant in North Africa, is especially significant in Egypt. Methods: We performed mutational and genotypic analysis of the untranslated region (UTR) and nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) drug resistance-associated regions of HCV for patients in the surrounding villages of Mansoura city, who were not responding to different antiviral treatments (sofosbuvir (SOF), ribavirin, and interferon). Furthermore, molecular modelling approaches (homology modelling and docking studies) were used to investigate the significance of the identified NS5B mutations for SOF and ribavirin binding in the HCV genotype 4a NS5B active site. Results: Genotypic analysis confirmed all samples to have genotype 4 with sub-genotype 4a predominant. Partial sequencing of the UTR and NS5B resistance-associated regions identified D258E, T282S and A307G mutations in all isolates of NS5B. The UTR mutation site at position 243 was associated with interferon resistance, whereas the NS5B T282S mutation was considered as significant for SOF and ribavirin resistance. Docking studies in the HCV genotype 4a homology model predict SOF and ribavirin to accommodate a nucleotide-like binding mode, in which the T282 residue does interfere with the binding as it would in HCV genotypes 1 and 2. Mutation energy calculations predict T282S to moderately destabilize the binding of SOF and ribavirin by 0.57 and 0.47 kcal/mol, respectively. Conclusion: The performed study identified and characterized several antiviral drug resistance mutations of HCV genotype 4a and proposed a mechanism by which the T282S mutation may contribute to SOF and ribavirin resistance.

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Therapeutic strategies and promising vaccine for hepatitis C virus infection

Adugna

2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is still a significant global health problem despite therapeutic advancements. Ribavirin and interferon therapy have been the sole available treatments for HCV infection for a number of years with low efficacy. Thus, currently, a number of therapeutic strategies are being used, including nanoparticles (NPs), micro‐RNAs such as small interfering RNA (siRNA), RNAi‐based gene silencing and antisense oligonucleotide‐based microRNA‐122, microRNA‐155, and short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), and immunotherapeutic approaches such as anti‐programmed cell death 1(PD‐1), monoclonal antibodies (mAb or moAb), and monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (Mo‐DCs). Furthermore, direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) and host‐targeting agents (HTA) were also the current therapeutic approaches with great efficacy. In spite of different clinical trials on HCV vaccine developments, nowadays there is no effective HCV vaccine in opposition to virus due to various challenges including genetic diversity, lack of immunocompetent small animal models, shortage of HCV vaccination testing alternatives, lack of an effective tissue culture method for replicating HCV, and inadequate knowledge regarding to immune responses against HCV infection. Nowadays, mRNA vaccine, recombinant viral vector, peptides vaccine, virus‐like particles, DNA vaccine, rational designed vaccine, and recombinant polyantigenic T‐cell‐based vaccine are novel promising candidates for HCV vaccine based on various clinical trials. This review summarizes the different therapeutic approaches and the advancements of vaccine candidates for HCV infection.

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5′ UTR and NS5B-based genotyping of hepatitis C virus in patients from Damietta governorate, Egypt

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Virological surveillance, molecular phylogeny, and evolutionary dynamics of hepatitis C virus subtypes 1a and 4a isolates in patients from Saudi Arabia

Virological surveillance, molecular phylogeny, and evolutionary dynamics of hepatitis C virus subtypes 1a and 4a isolates in patients from Saudi Arabia

<p>Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis C Virus for Developed Antiviral Agents Resistance Mutations and New Insights into in-silico Prediction Studies</p>

Therapeutic strategies and promising vaccine for hepatitis C virus infection

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