53 Liquid Crystals of Phthalocyanines, Porphyrins and Related Compounds

Discotic liquid crystals of transition metal complexes 48: Synthesis of novel phthalocyanine-fullerene dyads and effect of a methoxy group on their clearing points

“…Generally, a discotic columnar liquid crystal is composed of a plane and hard central core and several flexible peripheral chains [26]. Especially, triphenylene [27], phthalocyanine (Pc) [28], and porphyrin [28] are often utilized as a central core part. One-dimensional columns can be formed by piling up such disk-like molecules.…”

Discotic liquid crystals of transition metal complexes 51: Synthesis and mesomorphism of flat-pumpkin-shaped phthalocyanine-fullerene dyads

“…9.1 Å ( Table 6). Up to date, a considerable number of phthalocyanine-based discotic liquid crystals have been synthesized [4], and their stacking distances are generally observed in a range of 3.5-5 Å, although they depend on the number of peripheral long chains and the kind of substituents [12,15,41]. Hence, the stacking distance ca.…”

“…Since the discovery in 1977 [1], various kinds of discotic liquid crystalline compounds have been synthesized and investigated [2][3][4][5]. It is well known in the most discotic liquid crystals that disk-like -conjugated central cores pile up face-to-face by their  interaction to form one-dimensional columnar structures, which show hexagonal columnar (Col h ), tetragonal columnar (Col tet ), rectangular columnar (Col r ) mesophases and others (Fig.…”

Discotic liquid crystals of transition metal complexes, 54: Rapid microwave-assisted synthesis and homeotropic alignment of phthalocyanine-based liquid crystals

“…Since 1982, many phthalocyanine-based liquid crystals have been synthesized [1]. The most difficult problem in syntheses of the phthalocyanine-based liquid crystals is the considerably long reaction time.…”