594 ZINC (Zn) REPLACEMENT DOSAGES IN CHILDREN

Abstract

W e comparedFestatus of 2 3 b r e a s t f e d & 23formulafedinfantswhose motherswereenrolledinthe2ndtrimesterofpregnancyinastudyde-t e r m i n i n g e f f e c t s of m a t e r n a l n u t r i t i o n a l a n d environmental f a c t o r s ontheinfants'growth&development. F u l l t e r m i n f a n t s , receivingno supplementary Fe, fedeitherbreastmilkorcommercialFefortified formulawerematched f o r race, sex, and s o c i a l c l a s s . Resultsindicate b r e a s t f e d i n f a n t s exhibithigherHctandHmgvalues, lower EP and lower EP:Hmgratios (N.S. Fe f r o m b r e a s t m i l k i s a b s o r b e d a s w e l l a s Fe from formulaand t h a t b r e a s t f e d i n f a n t s arenotgenerallyFedeficientBy 4 months. I n a d d i t i o n , i n f a n t s f e d b r e a s t milkalonehad a s i g n i f icantlylower TIBC and a h i g h e r % S a t t h a n i n f a n t s g i v e n s o l i d s i n a d d it i o n t o b r e a s t milk. Thecontroversyregardingtheneed forprophyl a c t i c a d m i n i s t r a t i o n o f F e t o a l l b r e a s t f e d i n f a n t s b y a g e 4 m o n t h s andpossiblytheneedforsupplementaryFeforinfantsonFefortified formula, alone,mayberesolvedbythecontinueddietaryandbiochemicalobservationofFestatusinthesesameinfantsthroughtheir f i r s t year of l i f e . Shrock, Janet S. Kasler. The Ohio S t a t e University College of Medicine, Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.251261 children were i d e n t i f i e d a s overweight o r obese within t h e f i r s t two years of l i f e during well-child c a r e (provided t o them from b i r t h t o four years.) Their mothers were.enrolled during pregnancy i n a longitudinal study t o determine the e f f e c t s of maternal n u t r i t i o n and environmental f a c t o r s on t h e i n f a n t s ' subsequent growth and development. At every r o u t i n e v i s i t growth assessment and n u t r i t i o n a l guidance were provided. When growth was inappropriate, i n t e r v e n t i o n occurred with increased emphasis on appropriate growth r a t e & s p e c i f i c d i e t a r y recommendations. Data i n d i c a t e 1)considered alone, d i e t a r y intake, anthropometric assessment, growth v e l o c i t y , o r physical exam w i l l not i d e n t i f y inappropriate growth r a t e a s e a r l y a s when a l l a r e considered together; 2) t h e e a r l i e r i d e n t i f i c a t i o n occurs, t h e g r e a t e r p o s s i b i l i t y of problem resolution. Of t h e 25 i d e n t i f i e d with obese s t a t u s , 9 have resolved, 13 a r e resolving; 3 have not.The p e d i a t r i c l i t e r a t u r e i n d i c a t e s a success r a t e of between 25-502 f o r obesity intervention, compared t o our r a t e of 88% with a minimum of s i x months follow-up.C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of children and families influencing inappropriate growth included: excess parental weight s t a t u s , poor e a t i n g p a t t e r n s , excess mate r n a l weight gain i n pregnancy, presence of extended family o r b a b y s i t t e r care. The i n v e s t i g a t i o n emphasizes ...