5G Security Challenges and Solutions: A Review by OSI Layers

Sullivan, Stephanie M.; Brighente, Alessandro; Kumar, Sathish; Conti, Mauro

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3105396

Cited by 48 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(181 reference statements)

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“…There are various features of the applied 5G such as high data speed, increased bandwidth, and increased availability, which ensures the reliability and availability in the proposed scheme. 18…”

Section: Authority and Data Transfer Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This happened because the features of the employed 5G network, that is, Latency EndÀtoÀend < 1 ms and Data_Speed 5G ≤ 10 Gbps ensures the scalability and reliability in the proposed scheme. 18…”

Section: Scalabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it reduces the data storage cost associated with the blockchain. The incorporated 5G communication network resolve the issues of communication overhead and scalability through its ultra‐low network latency ( Latency End − to − end < 1 ms ), high data speed ( Data _ Speed 5 G ≤ 10 Gbps), and high availability characteristics 18,19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Blockchain‐based electric vehicle charging reservation scheme for optimum pricing

Tanwar

Kakkar

Gupta

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The adaptation of intelligent transportation system has evolved the quality of life of people with the huge demand for electric vehicles. Moreover, it becomes essential to schedule an electric vehicle for charging optimally. Therefore, this paper proposes a blockchain‐based electric vehicle charging reservation scheme for optimum pricing. It primarily aims to secure data transactions between electric vehicles and charging stations. It uses the communication channel as 5G to ensure ultra‐low latency and extremely high reliability. Furthermore, the proposed scheme uses a double‐auction mechanism to optimize the payoff for both electric vehicles and charging stations. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by distinguishing it from the conventional networks such as 4G and LTE‐A. The performance parameters are considered profit and loss for electric vehicles, scalability, cost overhead for data storage, communication overhead for data transactions, and data storage cost. Results show that the proposed scheme is secure and achieves the optimized payoff for electric vehicles and charging stations compared with traditional approaches.

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Section: Authority and Data Transfer Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scalabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blockchain‐based electric vehicle charging reservation scheme for optimum pricing

Tanwar

Kakkar

Gupta

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…The authors also created an attack tree and developed 15 test cases that can be applied to real networks and identified eight valid vulnerabilities. Gerrit et al [ 35 ] studied possible threats according to the STRIDE threat classification model and derive a risk matrix based on the likelihood and impact of 12 threat scenarios that affect the radio access and the network core. Sullivan et al [ 36 ] categorize security technologies using Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) layers and, for each layer, the authors discuss vulnerabilities, threats, security solutions, challenges, gaps, and open research issues.…”

Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Layer Attack Graph Analysis in the 5G Edge Network Using a Dynamic Hexagonal Fuzzy Method

Kholidy

2021

Sensors

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Overall, 5G networks are expected to become the backbone of many critical IT applications. With 5G, new tech advancements and innovation are expected; 5G currently operates on software-defined networking. This enables 5G to implement network slicing to meet the unique requirements of every application. As a result, 5G is more flexible and scalable than 4G LTE and previous generations. To avoid the growing risks of hacking, 5G cybersecurity needs some significant improvements. Some security concerns involve the network itself, while others focus on the devices connected to 5G. Both aspects present a risk to consumers, governments, and businesses alike. There is currently no real-time vulnerability assessment framework that specifically addresses 5G Edge networks, with regard to their real-time scalability and dynamic nature. This paper studies the vulnerability assessment in the 5G networks and develops an optimized dynamic method that integrates the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with the hexagonal fuzzy numbers to accurately analyze the vulnerabilities in 5G networks. The proposed method considers both the vulnerability and 5G network dynamic factors such as latency and accessibility to find the potential attack graph paths where the attack might propagate in the network and quantifies the attack cost and security level of the network. We test and validate the proposed method using our 5G testbed and we compare the optimized method to the classical TOPSIS and the known vulnerability scanner tool, Nessus.

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“…1612 Sofia, Bulgaria. 3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Kozani, Greece. 4 MONTIMAGE, 75013 Paris, France.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Threatening the 5G Core via PFCP DoS Attacks: The Case of Blocking UAV Communications

Amponis

Radoglou-Grammatikis

Λάγκας

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The modern communications landscape requires reliable, high-speed, high- throughput and secure links and sessions between user equipment instances and the data network. The 5G core implements the newly defined 3GPP network ar- chitecture enabling faster connectivity, low latency, higher bit rates and network reliability. The full potential of this set of networks will support a set of critical Internet of Things (IoT) and industrial use cases. Nevertheless, several compo- nents and interfaces of the Next-Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) have proven to be vulnerable to attacks that can potentially obstruct the net- work’s capability to provide reliable end-to-end communication services. Various inherent security flaws and protocol-specific weaknesses have also been identified within the 5G core itself. However, little to no research has gone into testing and exposing said core-related weaknesses, contrary to those concerning the NG-RAN. In this paper, we investigate, describe, develop, implement and finally test a set of attacks on the Packet Forwarding Control Protocol (PFCP) inside the 5G core. We find that, by transmitting unauthorised session control packets, we were able to disrupt established 5G tunnels without disrupting subscribers’ connectivity to the NG-RAN, thus hindering the detection of said attacks. We evaluate the identi- fied PFCP attacks in a drone-based scenario involving 5G tunnelling between two swarms.

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5G Security Challenges and Solutions: A Review by OSI Layers

Cited by 48 publications

References 119 publications

Blockchain‐based electric vehicle charging reservation scheme for optimum pricing

Blockchain‐based electric vehicle charging reservation scheme for optimum pricing

Multi-Layer Attack Graph Analysis in the 5G Edge Network Using a Dynamic Hexagonal Fuzzy Method

Threatening the 5G Core via PFCP DoS Attacks: The Case of Blocking UAV Communications

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