5Gbps Transmission over 100km of Optical Fibre Using a Directly Modulated DFB Laser and an Engineered 1.3 micron Pr3+-Doped Fluoride Fibre Power Amplifier1

Analysis of Raman amplification in DWDM communication systems

“…34 shows that shorter pump wavelength separation with almost uniform peak pump powers also produces much better S/DRS due to the avoidance of gain enhancement experienced by SRB noise. Pump wavelength configuration inFig.…”

“…This requires high quantum efficiency, efficient pumping, and low loss. Two types of rare-earth ions used are Praseodymium and Erbium ions for 1.3 fjm and 1.5 jum amplification, respectively.Praseodymium doped fiber amplifier (PDFA) is employed in optical transmission system that use the standard 1.3 pm single mode fiber, which is most commonly installed in terrestrial systems, for both digital and analog optical transmission[30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. An experimental work on low-noise and high power PDFA by using cascade configuration was able to produce 40.6 dB maximum gain at 1.3 fan and 3 dB bandwidth of 17 nm under small input signal region (~ -30 dBm)[37].…”