6 GHz to 40 GHz CubeSat Radiometer Antenna System

Che, Jiu-Kun; Chen, Chi‐Chih; Johnson, Joel T.; Kraus, Ervin; Laczkowski, Doug; Solly, Michael; Horgan, Kevin

doi:10.1109/tap.2019.2900366

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Trade-offs of antenna gain and impedance matching as a function of frequency can then occur. New antenna concepts are available to address these challenges, including the use of end-fire antenna types deployed using extendable booms [ 81 ]–[ 83 ], the creation of an antenna array through the use of multiple spacecraft flying in formation [ 84 ], or new lightweight deployable aperture antenna types [ 79 ]. These developments make clear that current and emerging technologies are capable of overcoming the challenges of increased aperture size and wideband performance.…”

Section: Technical Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Radiometry at Frequencies From 500 to 1400 MHz: An Emerging Technology for Earth Observations

Johnson

Jezek

Macelloni

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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Microwave radiometry has provided valuable spaceborne observations of Earth's geophysical properties for decades. The recent SMOS, Aquarius, and SMAP satellites have demonstrated the value of measurements at 1400 MHz for observing surface soil moisture, sea surface salinity, sea ice thickness, soil freeze/thaw state, and other geophysical variables. However, the information obtained is limited by penetration through the subsurface at 1400 MHz and by a reduced sensitivity to surface salinity in cold or wind-roughened waters. Recent airborne experiments have shown the potential of brightness temperature measurements from 500−1400 MHz to address these limitations by enabling sensing of soil moisture and sea ice thickness to greater depths, sensing of temperature deep within ice sheets, improved sensing of sea salinity in cold waters, and enhanced sensitivity to soil moisture under vegetation canopies. However, the absence of significant spectrum reserved for passive microwave measurements in the 500−1400 MHz band requires both an opportunistic sensing strategy and systems for reducing the impact of radio-frequency interference.Here we summarize the potential advantages and applications of 500−1400 MHz microwave radiometry for Earth observation and review recent experiments and demonstrations of these concepts. We also describe the remaining questions and challenges to be addressed in advancing to future spaceborne operation of this technology along with recommendations for future research activities.

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Section: Technical Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Radiometry at Frequencies From 500 to 1400 MHz: An Emerging Technology for Earth Observations

Johnson

Jezek

Macelloni

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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“…CubeRRT's radiometer front end (RFE) subsystem receives incoming RF signals from the three payload antennas [29], and selects one of these signals for amplification, downconversion, and filtering to the 1-2 GHz IF range sampled by the RDB. The 1 GHz IF signal provided can be tuned over the range 6-40 GHz through this process, and the RFE also provides additional reference load and reference plus noise diode states for internal radiometric calibration.…”

Section: B Radiometer Front Endmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that CubeRRT's design and prelaunch test results have been reported in part elsewhere [22]- [29], this article focuses on reporting multiple aspects of CubeRRT's final RFI algorithms that have not been previously described (in particular the three levels of "flattening" used in CubeRRT's cross-frequency detection), as well as on-orbit results. A brief review of the instrument design and prelaunch test results is also provided as context for these discussions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-Time Detection and Filtering of Radio Frequency Interference Onboard a Spaceborne Microwave Radiometer: The CubeRRT Mission

Johnson

Ball

Chen

et al. 2020

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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The Cubesat radiometer radio frequency interference technology validation mission (CubeRRT) was developed to demonstrate real-time onboard detection and filtering of radio frequency interference (RFI) for wide bandwidth microwave radiometers. CubeRRT's key technology is its radiometer digital backend (RDB) that is capable of measuring an instantaneous bandwidth of 1 GHz and of filtering the input signal into an estimated total power with and without RFI contributions. CubeRRT's onboard RFI processing capability dramatically reduces the volume of data that must be downlinked to the ground and eliminates the need for ground-based RFI processing. RFI detection is performed by resolving the input bandwidth into 128 frequency subchannels, with the kurtosis of each subchannel and the variations in power across frequency used to detect nonthermal contributions. RFI filtering is performed by removing corrupted frequency subchannels prior to the computation of the total channel power. The 1 GHz Manuscript

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“…In Ref. [26], the antenna system includes three bottom tapered helical (BTH) antenna elements with a height of 24.8 cm, and it is a very tall antenna. In Ref.…”

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confidence: 99%

Multiband circularly polarised CubeSat antenna operating in S, C, X, Ku, K, and Ka bands

Elkady,

Abdullah,

Darwish

2023

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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A novel design of a high‐frequency multiband with a circular polarisation antenna based on a four‐patch antenna system consolidated with an Archimedean spiral antenna for CubeSat applications. The geometry and size are compatible with the CubeSat standard structure dimensions of 10 × 10 cm2. The antenna consists of a spiral antenna in the middle of four patch antennas surrounding it; the first antenna structure consists of two sets of two orthogonal identical patch antennas with a 90° phase shift to cover the band from 1.55 to 1.94 GHz at L‐band, 2, 2.1, and 2.3 GHz at S‐band, the second antenna is an Archimedean spiral antenna to cover all C‐bands, all X‐bands, all Ku‐bands, all K‐bands, and from 26 to 29 GHz at Ka‐band. The measured results show that the reflection coefficients (S11) and (S22) achieve < −10 dB and the axial ratio achieves <3 dB, with a reference impedance of 50 Ω. The simulated and the measured results give a better agreement.

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6 GHz to 40 GHz CubeSat Radiometer Antenna System

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Microwave Radiometry at Frequencies From 500 to 1400 MHz: An Emerging Technology for Earth Observations

Microwave Radiometry at Frequencies From 500 to 1400 MHz: An Emerging Technology for Earth Observations

Real-Time Detection and Filtering of Radio Frequency Interference Onboard a Spaceborne Microwave Radiometer: The CubeRRT Mission

Multiband circularly polarised CubeSat antenna operating in S, C, X, Ku, K, and Ka bands

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