7 Reporting of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Complications Using the Modified Clavien Grading System: A Prospective Study

Could Chemical Composition of Stone Influence Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in the Management of Staghorn Calculi?

“…Since the first report of PCNL for staghorn stone was made by Clayman et al [6,20], in 1983, there were multiple studies published that analyzed the techniques, instruments, complication and success rate and stone free status. PCNL still remains the first line of treatment for large renal calculi, in monotherapy or combined with ESWL [3,21].…”

“…When residual stones were suspected, intraoperative fluoroscopy was made. At the end of the operation a Double JJ stent, 22 French nephrostomy or 48 hours ureteral stent was placed, depending on the complexity of the case [6,7]. All patients underwent KUB (kidneys, ureters and bladder radiography) control after 48 h ( fig.…”

“…Complications were evaluated using the Clavien-Dindo system scale, which consists of 7 grades: I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb and V [6]. Chemical composition was determined using chemical qualitative method [11].…”

“…PCNL is generally considered a safe procedure with a low postoperative complication rate. The most common complications are: perforations of the surrounding organs (colon, liver, spline, lung, pleura), bleeding, fever, lumbar collections (urinoma, hematoma) [5][6][7] that can appear as early as the initial puncture time until after a few weeks' time. For grading the complications most surgeons use the Clavien-Dindo system.…”

“…For grading the complications most surgeons use the Clavien-Dindo system. Recent studies revealed that urologists have a lower rate of agreement in classifying minor complications compared to major complications based on this classification [6,8].…”