785. Polysaccharides of baker's yeast. Part II. Yeast glucan

Peat, Stanley; Whelan, W. J.; Edwards, Thomas E.

doi:10.1039/jr9580003862

Cited by 58 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The present evidence for a mixture of p(l-&)-and /3-(1+3)-glucans is in accord with the results of Peat and his co-workers [6] since partial acid hydrolysis of the above mixture would be expected to give oligosaccharides containing varying numbers of (l-+3)-and/or (1+6)-linkages. It should be noted that the present results do not eliminate the possible presence in the /I-( 1+3)-glucan molecule of glucose residues linked only through C 1 and C6, but the relative proportion of these cannot be large in view of the small amount of gentiobiose and the absence of gentiotriose in the partial acid and enzymic hydrolysates of the p( 1+3)-glucan.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

The structures of two glucans from yeast‐cell walls

Manners

Masson

1969

FEBS Letters

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supporting

confidence: 92%

The structures of two glucans from yeast‐cell walls

Manners

Masson

1969

FEBS Letters

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“…Acid hydrolysis of the product of reduction with sodium borohydride, as well as total acid hydrolysis of samples of the washed radioactive assay products, was carried out by a modification of the method of Peat et al [19]. Samples were heated in 1 ml90 "/, (v/v) formic acid for 2 h in a boiling water bath, after which the formic acid was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure at 50 "C. The residue was resuspended in distilled water and evaporation repeated.…”

Section: Analysis Of' the Radioactive Product Formed In Glucosyltransmentioning

confidence: 99%

(1,3)‐β‐d‐Glucan Synthase from Budding and Filamentous Cultures of the Dimorphic Fungus Candida albicans

Orlean

1982

European Journal of Biochemistry

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UDPglucose: (1,3)‐β‐d‐glucan 3‐β‐d‐glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.34) was obtained as a particulate fraction from cell‐free extracts prepared after mechanical breakage of cells of a strain of the dimorphic fungus Candida albicans. The properties of this glucosyltransferase were investigated. Budding and filamentous cultures of C. albicans were grown after dilution of a stationary phase inoculum of yeast cells into fresh medium at 30°C and 40°C respectively and the specific activities of (1,3)‐β‐d‐glucan synthase, obtained from budding and filamentous cultures harvested during the first 3 h of their growth, were compared. UDPglucose was the only glucosyl donor in the reaction (assayed by following the incorporation of radioactivity from UDP[14C]glucose into polymer) and the radioactive product was exclusively β‐(1,3)‐glucan. Glycogen synthase activity was not detected. (1,3)‐β‐d‐Glucan synthase activity was enhanced by ATP and GTP. A threefold increase in the specific activity of the glucosyltransferase was obtained when cell breakage, and subsequent steps in the preparation of the enzyme, were carried out in the presence of 25 μM GTP. A Km value for UDPglucose of 1.5–1.9 mM was obtained for the glucosyltransferase prepared in the presence or absence of GTP. The glucosyltransferase reaction was not affected by ADPglucose, CDPglucose, GDPglucose or glucose 6‐phosphate, but was competitively inhibited by TDPglucose. GDPglucose was not a glucosyl donor under the present conditions. There was no evidence that the product was N‐glycosidically linked to protein, since the reaction was neither enhanced in the presence of UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine, nor inhibited by tunicamycin. The specific activity of the glucosyltransferase from 3‐h‐old filamentous cultures was about 1.5‐times higher than that from 3‐h‐old budding cultures. The specific activities of (1,3)‐β‐d‐glucan synthase prepared from budding and filamentous cultures of C. albicans during their first 90 min of growth were similar.

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“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] It is highly branched and contains 1→2, 1→3, and 1→ 6 linkages. Mannan has been proposed to have a "backbone" of 1→ 6-linked mannose units with 1→2-and 1→3-linked side chains that average about two sugar units in length.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC Analysis of Manno-Oligosaccharides Derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mannan Using an Amino Column or a Graphitized Carbon Column.

Tanimoto

Ikuta

Sugiyama

et al. 2002

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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The structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (commercial baker's yeast) mannan has been reported by many investigators. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] It is highly branched and contains 1→2, 1→3, and 1→ 6 linkages. Mannan has been proposed to have a "backbone" of 1→ 6-linked mannose units with 1→2-and 1→3-linked side chains that average about two sugar units in length. [6][7][8] Stewart and Ballou,8) while not offering any particular ratio or order of units in the chain, have suggested that the mannan from S. cerevisiae has a structure like that depicted in Fig. 1. NMR spectra of mannans have been analyzed, [9][10][11][12] and recently Vinogradov et al. 13) have deduced the complete structure of mannan and assessed the ratio of different side chains on the basis of high-field NMR spectroscopy data.Thus far, the deacetylated products of an acetolysate of yeast mannan have been separated by gel filtration, and the structures of each, along with the branch point of linkage, have been mainly established by methylation analysis. Although structural analyses of oligosaccharides of the polysaccharide mannan and mannoprotein using NMR spectroscopy have been performed, 9-13) pure oligosaccharides could rarely be obtained.We have chemically synthesized the branched cyclodextrins glucosyl-cyclodextrins 14,15) and galactosyl-cyclodextrins 16) and are now trying to synthesize branched cyclodextrins with mannose on the nonreducing ends in their side chains, because such compounds are expected to be useful as drug carriers in targeted drug delivery systems. To obtain the pure manno-oligosaccharides as side chains, we tried to isolate them from S. cerevisiae by isolating acetolysis fragments. Using an aminopropyl-silica column, the products were completely isolated as mannobiose (M 2 ), mannotrioses (M 3 s), and mannotetraose (M 4 ). Also, using a graphitized carbon column (GCC), two isomers of M 3 s, M 3 -1 and M 3 -2, were obtained. Their structures were elucidated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and NMR spectroscopy. ExperimentalHPLC Conditions HPLC analyses were performed with a Jasco 980-PU pump and a Shodex RI-71 monitor. The columns used were a Hibar LiChroCART NH 2 (250ϫ4.0 mm i.d., Kanto Chemical) and a Hypercarb (5 mm, 100ϫ4.6 mm i.d., Thermo Hypersil). For preparative HPLC, a TSKgel Amide-80 column (300ϫ21.5 mm i.d., Tosoh) and a Hypercarb (5 mm, 100ϫ10 mm i.d., Thermo Hypersil) were used. HPLC analyses at constant temperature were conducted using a column oven .MS MALDI-TOF-MS was performed in the positive-ion mode on a Vision 2000 reflector-type TOF instrument (Thermo Bioanalysis). The other conditions for measurements were as reported in a previous paper. H correlation spectroscopy (COSY) and 1 H-13 C COSY measurements were as reported in a previous paper. 18)Isolation of Mannan Pressed baker's yeast (2.0 kg) was crumbled into 900 ml of water and 90 ml of 0.2 M citrate buffer solution (pH 7.0), and the mixture was autoclaved at 125°C for 2 h. Crude mannan (30.0...

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785. Polysaccharides of baker's yeast. Part II. Yeast glucan

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

The structures of two glucans from yeast‐cell walls

The structures of two glucans from yeast‐cell walls

(1,3)‐β‐d‐Glucan Synthase from Budding and Filamentous Cultures of the Dimorphic Fungus Candida albicans

HPLC Analysis of Manno-Oligosaccharides Derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mannan Using an Amino Column or a Graphitized Carbon Column.

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