8 Household Wealth in Latin America

Torche, Florencia; Spilerman, Seymour

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199548880.003.0008

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The Gini index's estimate of total wealth in 1991 came to .604, significantly lower than the equivalent figure for 1985–1986, .654. The Gini land value coefficient increased over the course of this period, reaching the value of .924, in line with the findings of Torche and Spilerman (). Internal migration goes far to explain this increase, accompanied as it was by a reduction in the number of households in agricultural regions and thus an increase in land concentration.…”

Section: Consumption and Wealth Inequalitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Inequality in the Monetary and Functionings Spaces: The Case of Peru Under the First Garcia Government (1985–1990)

Burchi

Passacantilli

2011

J of Intl Development

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In this article, we analyze inequality changes in Peru under the first Garcia government (1985–1990). Our findings indicate that stability in consumption inequality and a substantial decline in wealth inequality were achieved, probably thanks to the government's demand‐led policies, despite their deleterious effects on other macroeconomic indicators. The following analysis reveals that inequality in most functionings, including overall well‐being, diminished, as did geographical disparities. We thus offer here (i) a methodological contribution to the debate on inequality, stressing the need to go beyond consumption/income inequality if one wants to track inequality changes across time, and (ii) a contribution to the debate about the socioeconomic situation in Peru between 1985 and 1990. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Consumption and Wealth Inequalitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Inequality in the Monetary and Functionings Spaces: The Case of Peru Under the First Garcia Government (1985–1990)

Burchi

Passacantilli

2011

J of Intl Development

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“…In the latter, the term asset is assigned to material items with a market value, whilst in the region the term refers to tangible and intangible resources [20,21]. Similar categories of assets have been commonly grouped into domains of capital such as Human capital (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of physical, public and human assets as determinants of socioeconomic inequalities in contraceptive use in Colombia - moving beyond the household wealth index

González

Houweling

Marmot

et al. 2010

International Journal for Equity in Health

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BackgroundColombia is a lower-middle income country that faces the challenge of addressing health inequalities. This effort includes the task of developing measures of socioeconomic position (SEP) to describe and analyse disparities in health and health related outcomes. This study explores the use of a multidimensional approach to SEP, in which socioeconomic inequalities in contraceptive use are investigated along multiple dimensions of SEP. We tested the hypothesis that provision of Public capital compensated for low levels of Human capital.MethodsThis study used the 2005 Colombian Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) dataset. The outcome measures were 'current non-use' and 'never use' of contraception. Inequalities in contraceptive behaviour along four measures of SEP were compared: the Household wealth index (HWI), Physical capital (housing, consumer durables), Public capital (publicly provided services) and Human capital (level of education). Principal component analysis was applied to construct the HWI, Physical capital and Public capital measures. Logistic regression models were used to estimate relative indices of inequality (RII) for each measure of SEP with both outcomes.ResultsSocio-economic inequalities among rural women tended to be larger than those among urban women, for all measures of SEP and for both outcomes. In models mutually adjusted for Physical, Public and Human capital and age, Physical capital identified stronger gradients in contraceptive behaviour in urban and rural areas (Current use of contraception by Physical capital in urban areas RII 2.37 95% CI (1.99-2.83) and rural areas RII 3.70 (2.57-5.33)). The impact of women's level of education on contraceptive behaviour was relatively weak in households with high Public capital compared to households with low Public capital (Current use of contraception in rural areas, interaction p = < 0.001). Reduced educational inequalities attributable to Public capital were partly explained by differences in household wealth but not at all by health insurance cover.ConclusionsA multidimensional approach provides a framework for disentangling socioeconomic inequalities in contraceptive behaviour. We provide evidence that material circumstances indexed by Physical capital are important socioeconomic determinants while higher provision of Public capital may compensate for low levels of Human capital with respect to modern contraceptive behaviour.

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“…La distinción es menos significativa en la mayoría de América Latina. Dada la concentración en la propiedad de la tierra (Torche & Spilerman 2008), pequeños agricultores controlan cantidades mínimas de tierra y por lo general se dedican a la agricultura de subsistencia. Como resultado, los agricultores en América Latina están lejos de una burguesía rural y más cerca del proletariado rural.…”

Section: Comparación Internacional Del Análisis De Movilidad De Claseunclassified

Movilidad Intergeneracional y Desigualdad: El Caso Latinoamericano

Torche

2014

Annu. Rev. Sociol.

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Palabras clavemovilidad de clases, elasticidad de ingresos, desigualdad económica, estratificación comparada Resumen El estudio de la movilidad ha cobrado importancia en laúltima década en Latinoamérica, empujado por la reciente disponibilidad de datos y por una renovada preocupación por la igualdad de oportunidades. Aunque el análisis de la movilidad aún está restringido a pocos países de la región, una conclusión es clara: La movilidad intergeneracional de ingresos es menor en América Latina que en países industrializados, y se caracteriza por la "persistencia de la elite", un patrón consistente con la gran concentración de ingresos en la región. Sin embargo, la movilidad de clases en Latinoamérica no difiere significativamente del mundo industrializado. Este ensayo revisa dos generaciones de estudios de movilidad en Latinoamérica desde los 1960s, evalúa hallazgos recientes sobre movilidad económica y de clases, examina la relación entre factores macro-estructurales y movilidad, y considera la reciente literatura sobre igualdad de oportunidades. El artículo sugiere que el análisis comparativo de la movilidad en América Latina puede inspirar e informar estudios en otros contextos. S2-1Annu. Rev. Sociol. 2014.40:S2-1-S2-25. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by University of Prince Edward Island on 08/14/15. For personal use only.

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8 Household Wealth in Latin America

Cited by 23 publications

References 330 publications

Inequality in the Monetary and Functionings Spaces: The Case of Peru Under the First Garcia Government (1985–1990)

Inequality in the Monetary and Functionings Spaces: The Case of Peru Under the First Garcia Government (1985–1990)

Comparison of physical, public and human assets as determinants of socioeconomic inequalities in contraceptive use in Colombia - moving beyond the household wealth index

Movilidad Intergeneracional y Desigualdad: El Caso Latinoamericano

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