8-mercaptoguanosine-mediated enhancement of in vivo IgGl, IgG2 and IgG3 antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens in normal and xid mice

Mond, James J.; Hunter, Kenneth W.; Kenny, James J.; Finkelman, Fred D.; Witherspoon, Kim

doi:10.1016/0162-3109(89)90018-0

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The animals were bled through the tail vein weekly, and serum samples were prepared. Serum anti-TNP-Ficoll IgM and IgG titers were measured by ELISA as previously described [17]. Briefly, flexible polyvinyl chloride round bottom microtest plates (BD Falcon, BD Labware, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) were covered with a solution of TNP-Ficoll diluted in 1 M pH 8.3 Tris buffer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunobiologic and Antiinflammatory Properties of a Bark Extract fromAmpelozizyphus amazonicusDucke

Pecanha

Fernandes

Simen

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Ampelozizyphus amazonicus is used in the treatment and prevention of malaria. The effect of an aqueous extract from this plant (SART) on the immune response was investigated by measuring immunoglobulin production induced by immunization with the antigen TNP-Ficoll in Plasmodium chabaudi-infected mice. SART treatment increased antigen-specific IgM and IgG levels in TNP-Ficoll-immunized mice. The B cell response during malarial infection was also modified by SART. There was an increase in total serum IgM and IgG and a decrease in the percentage of splenic plasma cells (CD138+ cells) in P. chabaudi-infected, SART-treated animals. SART (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) and the reference drug dexamethasone (5 mg/kg) were also tested in carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration to the subcutaneous air pouch (SAP). All SART doses significantly reduced leukocyte migration into the SAP. The protein concentration resulting from extravasation into the peritoneum was also significantly reduced. Our data indicate that SART possesses immunomodulatory properties, inducing an in vivo modification of the B lymphocyte response and anti-inflammatory properties, which are partly due to a reduction in cell migration and are most likely due to an inhibition of the production of inflammatory mediators. Preliminary HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of SART shows a complex saponin profile with deprotonated molecule [M-H]− ions in the range of m/z 800–1000.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunobiologic and Antiinflammatory Properties of a Bark Extract fromAmpelozizyphus amazonicusDucke

Pecanha

Fernandes

Simen

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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“…Taking into account that the GPI moiety lacks conventional T cell epitopes (27), 8-mercaptoguanosine (8-MG) (Sigma-Aldrich) was used to increase immune responses against GPI liposomes. This biological response modifier triggers T cell independent B cell activation, including Ab isotype class switch to IgG (28,29). 1) GPI-based pre-exposure: mice were injected i.p.…”

Section: Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Based Treatment Alleviates Trypanosomiasis-Associated Immunopathology

Stijlemans

Baral

Guilliams

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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The GPI-anchored trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) triggers macrophages to produce TNF, involved in trypanosomiasis-associated inflammation and the clinical manifestation of sleeping sickness. Aiming at inhibiting immunopathology during experimental Trypanosoma brucei infections, a VSG-derived GPI-based treatment approach was developed. To achieve this, mice were exposed to the GPI before an infectious trypanosome challenge. This GPI-based strategy resulted in a significant prolonged survival and a substantial protection against infection-associated weight loss, liver damage, acidosis, and anemia; the latter was shown to be Ab-independent and correlated with reduced macrophage-mediated RBC clearance. In addition, GPI-based treatment resulted in reduced circulating serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-6, abrogation of infection-induced LPS hypersensitivity, and an increase in circulating IL-10. At the level of trypanosomiasis-associated macrophage activation, the GPI-based treatment resulted in an impaired secretion of TNF by VSG and LPS pulsed macrophages, a reduced expression of the inflammatory cytokine genes TNF, IL-6, and IL-12, and an increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine gene IL-10. In addition, this change in cytokine pattern upon GPI-based treatment was associated with the expression of alternatively activated macrophage markers. Finally, the GPI-based treatment also reduced the infection-associated pathology in Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma evansi model systems as well as in tsetse fly challenge experiments, indicating potential field applicability for this intervention strategy.

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“…Thus, xid B cells can respond to particulate TI-2 antigens, such as TNPsephadex or TNP-polyacrylamide [134]. Additionally, defective TI-2 responses in xid mice can be corrected by coimmunization with a TLR agonist such as 8-mercaptoguanosine [135,136]. Finally, TI-2 responses in xid mice can be partially reconstituted through provision of T cell help [137,138].…”

Section: Induction Of Igg Anti-ps Responses To Intact Pn14 or To A Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Regulation of Protein- and Polysaccharide-Specific Ig Isotype Production In Vivo in Response to Intact Streptococcus pneumoniae

Snapper¹

2006

CPPS

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Adaptive humoral immunity to extracellular bacteria is largely mediated by antibody specific for both protein and polysaccharide antigens. Proteins and polysaccharides are biochemically distinct, and as a result are processed differently by the immune system, leading to different mechanistic pathways for eventual elicitation of specific Ig isotypes. Much of our current knowledge concerning the parameters underlying anti-protein and anti-polysaccharide Ig responses have come from studies using soluble, purified antigens. However, the lessons learned from these studies are not entirely applicable to the mechanisms underlying physiologic anti-protein and anti-polysaccharide Ig responses to intact bacteria. Specifically, unlike isolated, soluble antigens, intact bacteria are complex particulate immunogens in which multiple protein and polysaccharide antigens, and bacterial adjuvants (e.g. Toll-like receptor ligands) are co-expressed, indeed often physically linked. In this review, data from a series of recent studies are discussed in which heat-killed, intact Streptococcus pneumoniae was used as an immunogen to study the mechanisms underlying in vivo anti-protein and anti-polysaccharide Ig isotype induction. An unexpected role for CD4(+) T cells and dendritic cells for induction of IgG anti-polysaccharide responses by intact bacteria is discussed, and shown to have distinct mechanistic features from those that mediate anti-protein responses. The further role of cytokines, Toll-like receptors, and B cell receptor signaling in mediating these responses, and its implications for the effectiveness of anti-pneumococcal, polysaccharide-based vaccines, is also discussed.

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8-mercaptoguanosine-mediated enhancement of in vivo IgGl, IgG2 and IgG3 antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens in normal and xid mice

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Immunobiologic and Antiinflammatory Properties of a Bark Extract fromAmpelozizyphus amazonicusDucke

Immunobiologic and Antiinflammatory Properties of a Bark Extract fromAmpelozizyphus amazonicusDucke

A Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Based Treatment Alleviates Trypanosomiasis-Associated Immunopathology

Differential Regulation of Protein- and Polysaccharide-Specific Ig Isotype Production In Vivo in Response to Intact Streptococcus pneumoniae

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