802.11g/n Compliant Fully Integrated Wake-Up Receiver With −72-dBm Sensitivity in 14-nm FinFET CMOS

Alpman, Erkan; Khairi, Ahmad; Dorrance, Richard; Park, Minyoung; Somayazulu, V. Srinivasa; Foerster, J.R.; Ravi, Ashoke; Paramesh, Jeyanandh; Pellerano, Stefano

doi:10.1109/jssc.2018.2817603

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…6a. A monolithic WuRx implementation including the front-end and the baseband using an integrated circuit would be ideal for the reduction in power consumption [32], [33]. Nevertheless, the off-the-shelf approach we have used allows us to provide a testbed for the evaluation of WuR-CTC that is both low-cost and flexible.…”

Section: E Wurx Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wake-Up Radio: An Enabler of Wireless Convergence

2021

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Section: E Wurx Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wake-Up Radio: An Enabler of Wireless Convergence

2021

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“…However, this proposal only provides evaluation through simulation. In [15], a WuR system solution is proposed, where the WuC consists in On-Off Keying (OOK) modulated data incorporated into a single IEEE 802.11 frame, and with a WuRx consumption of 95 µW. Although the complete system implementation is presented, legacy IEEE 802.11 transmitters need a firmware update for WuC development.…”

Section: Ieee 80211-based Wur Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

IEEE 802.11-Enabled Wake-Up Radio: Use Cases and Applications

López-Aguilera

Demirkol

García-Villegas

et al. 2019

Sensors

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IEEE 802.11 is one of the most commonly used radio access technologies, being present in almost all handheld devices with networking capabilities. However, its energy-hungry communication modes are a challenge for the increased battery lifetime of such devices and are an obstacle for its use in battery-constrained devices such as the ones defined by many Internet of Things applications. Wake-up Radio (WuR) systems have appeared as a solution for increasing the energy efficiency of communication technologies by employing a secondary low-power radio interface, which is always in the active state and switches the primary transceiver (used for main data communication) from the energy-saving to the active operation mode. The high market penetration of IEEE 802.11 technology, together with the benefits that WuR systems can bring to this widespread technology, motivates this article’s focus on IEEE 802.11-based WuR solutions. More specifically, we elaborate on the feasibility of such IEEE 802.11-based WuR solutions, and introduce the latest standardization efforts in this IEEE 802.11-based WuR domain, IEEE 802.11ba, which is a forthcoming IEEE 802.11 amendment, discussing its main features and potential use cases. As a use case consisting of green Wi-Fi application, we provide a proof-of-concept smart plug system implemented by a WuR that is activated remotely using IEEE 802.11 devices, evaluate its monetary and energy savings, and compare it with commercially available smart plug solutions. Finally, we discuss novel applications beyond the wake-up functionality that IEEE 802.11-enabled WuR devices can offer using a secondary radio, as well as applications that have not yet been considered by IEEE 802.11ba. As a result, we argue that the IEEE 802.11-based WuR solution will support a wide range of devices and deployments, for both low-rate and low-power communications, as well as high-rate transmissions.

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“…The received signal is demodulated by an envelope detector and a data slicer, and a correlator examines the serial bit sequence. The correlator is either permanently powered ON [12]- [20], duty-cycled [6], or placed in a low power mode [21]- [26]. Additionally, a local oscillator generates the clock required for synchronization [6], [12]- [16], [18], [20], [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correlator is either permanently powered ON [12]- [20], duty-cycled [6], or placed in a low power mode [21]- [26]. Additionally, a local oscillator generates the clock required for synchronization [6], [12]- [16], [18], [20], [21]. A common baseband implementation is presented in [22], where a microcontroller is used as a bit correlator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The added noise activates the bit correlator [22], [25] or causes a false wake-up of the IoT device [22], [23], [25]. The available solutions implement a preamble detector for interference avoidance [21], [25] or synchronization [6], [11], [16], [21], [28], but do not consider the preamble's potential for carrying instructions. The coded preamble concept has been suggested to enhance the wake-up signal's data delivery efficiency and improve noise immunity [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tunable, Asynchronous, and Nanopower Baseband Receiver for Charging and Wakeup of IoT Devices

Benbuk

Kouzayha

Costantine

et al. 2022

IEEE Internet Things J.

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This paper proposes a novel ultra-low power, tunable, and asynchronous baseband architecture for joint radio frequency (RF) wake-up and charging receivers. The designed system switches between the wake-up and charging operations based on the type of the received RF signal. To our knowledge, the proposed system is the first of a kind that introduces multiple power states to reduce the energy consumption by sequentially activating minimal components required for RF wake-up or charging. The fabricated prototype, using off-theshelf components, features a sensitivity of -40 dBm, a bit rate of 500 bps, and a current consumption of 225 nA at a bias voltage of 2.6 V in the listening state. Current consumption is estimated at 3.225 µA and 13.725 µA while processing the preamble and bit sequence, respectively. The address detector is powered OFF during charging to reduce the system's current consumption to 150 nA. Our experimental results show that shutting down the address detector during charging reduces charging time and allows charging from received power levels that are as low as -6 dBm. We demonstrate that, operating the detector with multiple power modes reduces its current consumption and enhances its noise immunity when compared to conventional address detectors with two power modes of operation.

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802.11g/n Compliant Fully Integrated Wake-Up Receiver With −72-dBm Sensitivity in 14-nm FinFET CMOS

Cited by 39 publications

References 10 publications

Wake-Up Radio: An Enabler of Wireless Convergence

Wake-Up Radio: An Enabler of Wireless Convergence

IEEE 802.11-Enabled Wake-Up Radio: Use Cases and Applications

Tunable, Asynchronous, and Nanopower Baseband Receiver for Charging and Wakeup of IoT Devices

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