9.4 A 145GHz FMCW-Radar Transceiver in 28nm CMOS

Visweswaran, Akshay; Vaesen, Kristof; Sinha, Siddhartha; Ocket, Ilja; Glassée, Miguel; Desset, Claude; Bourdoux, André; Wambacq, Piet

doi:10.1109/isscc.2019.8662357

Cited by 61 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Using higher carrier frequencies such as 140 or 300 GHz is a longer-term trend, resulting in a smaller form factor or better angular and range resolutions, thanks to the wider bandwidths. Some experimental systems already show the potential of CMOS in the low THz regime (140 GHz) [67]. Active radar imaging has interesting applications beyond automotive radar such as body scanning for security, smart shopping and gaming.…”

Section: ) Active Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Active radar imaging has interesting applications beyond automotive radar such as body scanning for security, smart shopping and gaming. For shorter range applications, antennas can even be integrated on-chip [67] in bulk CMOS for ultra-low form factor gesture recognition, vital sign monitoring and person detection and counting. It is expected that SiGe or III-V compounds will complement CMOS for the RF part when the carrier frequency is higher than about 200 GHz [68], [69].…”

Section: ) Active Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Convergent Communication, Sensing and Localization in 6G Systems: An Overview of Technologies, Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2021

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Herein, we focus on convergent 6G communication, localization and sensing systems by identifying key technology enablers, discussing their underlying challenges, implementation issues, and recommending potential solutions. Moreover, we discuss exciting new opportunities for integrated localization and sensing applications, which will disrupt traditional design principles and revolutionize the way we live, interact with our environment, and do business. Regarding potential enabling technologies, 6G will continue to develop towards even higher frequency ranges, wider bandwidths, and massive antenna arrays. In turn, this will enable sensing solutions with very fine range, Doppler, and angular resolutions, as well as localization to cm-level degree of accuracy. Besides, new materials, device types, and reconfigurable surfaces will allow network operators to reshape and control the electromagnetic response of the environment. At the same time, machine learning and artificial intelligence will leverage the unprecedented availability of data and computing resources to tackle the biggest and hardest problems in wireless communication systems. As a result, 6G will be truly intelligent wireless systems that will provide not only ubiquitous communication but also empower high accuracy localization and high-resolution sensing services. They will become the catalyst for this revolution by bringing about a unique new set of features and service capabilities, where localization and sensing will coexist with communication, continuously sharing the available resources in time, frequency, and space. This work concludes by highlighting foundational research challenges, as well as implications and opportunities related to privacy, security, and trust.The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Ahmed Farouk .

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Section: ) Active Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Active Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent Communication, Sensing and Localization in 6G Systems: An Overview of Technologies, Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2021

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“…It is also noteworthy that all ultrabroadband radars demonstrated so far are based on high-speed SiGe processes (recently [3] reported a broadband frequency multiplier with 140-GHz bandwidth in 130-nm SiGe process), and low cost CMOS-based radars still operate below 200 GHz and their bandwidths are within 20 GHz. In [4], a 2×2 pulse radar array at 160 GHz is built using a 65-nm CMOS process, and in [5], a FMCW radar at 145 GHz is built using a 28nm CMOS process; they, however, only deliver bandwidths of 7 GHz and 13 GHz, respectively.…”

Section: Eirp (Dbm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of previous chip radars employ separate antennas for the TX and RX [2], [4], [5]. Such a configuration, however, is not desirable in our comb architecture; because the integration of the associated on-chip antennas requires exceedingly large die area.…”

Section: Thz Receiver Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 220-to-320-GHz FMCW Radar in 65-nm CMOS Using a Frequency-Comb Architecture

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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This paper presents a CMOS-based, ultrabroadband FMCW (frequency-modulated continuous-wave) radar using a terahertz (THz) frequency-comb architecture. The high-parallelism spectral sensing provided by this architecture significantly reduces the bandwidth requirement for the THz front-end circuitry and ensures that the peak output power and sensitivity are maintained across the entire band of operation. The speed and linearity of frequency chirping are also improved by the comb system. An antenna-sharing scheme based on a square-mixer-first architecture is used, which not only leads to compact size, but also facilitates the stitching of the multi-channel radar IF data. To avoid the usage of high-cost silicon lens in the on-chip broadband radiation, a multi-resonance substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) antenna structure is innovated, which provides 15% fractional bandwidth for impedance matching. As a proof-of-concept, a five-tone radar prototype that seamlessly scan the entire 220-to-320-GHz band is demonstrated. In the measurement, the multi-channel-aggregated EIRP (equivalent isotropically-radiated power) is 0.6 dBm, and is further boosted to ∼20 dBm with a TPX (polymethylpentene) lens. The measured minimum single-sideband noise figure (SSB NF) of the receiver, including the antenna loss and baseband amplifier, is 22.8 dB. Due to the comb-architecture, the EIRP and NF values fluctuate by only 8.8 and 14.6 dB, respectively, across the 100-GHz bandwidth. The chip has a die size of 5 mm 2 and consumes 840 mW of DC power. This work marks the first CMOS demonstration of THz radar, and achieves record bandwidth and ranging resolution among all radar front-end chips.

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“…However, with the widespread deployment of radars, the CMOS technology has become an charming choice in order to reduce cost and improve integration level [2,3]. The CMOS FMCW radars have been widely studied [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14] in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 76–81 GHz CMOS mmW quadrature down-conversion mixer for automotive radar applications

Rao

Shi

Zhang

2020

IEICE Electron. Express

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This paper presents a mmW quadrature down-conversion mixer for 76-81 GHz automotive radar applications. A transformer-based g m-boosting method and a new cascode inter-stage network are proposed to improve the gain of preamplifier. A pair of cross-coupled transistors are exploited to bleed dynamic current into mixer core to reduce noise figure while utilizing its negative resistance to improve conversion gain. The mixer is implemented in a 55-nm CMOS process and the measurement results show that the BW −3dB is 5.5 GHz, the peak gain is 4.1 dB with <0.16 dB I/Q mismatch, the input P1dB is up to −6 dBm and the minimum noise figure (NF min) is 19 dB while dissipating 40 mW of power. The achieved FOM is up to 0.02.

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9.4 A 145GHz FMCW-Radar Transceiver in 28nm CMOS

Cited by 61 publications

References 4 publications

Convergent Communication, Sensing and Localization in 6G Systems: An Overview of Technologies, Opportunities and Challenges

Convergent Communication, Sensing and Localization in 6G Systems: An Overview of Technologies, Opportunities and Challenges

A 220-to-320-GHz FMCW Radar in 65-nm CMOS Using a Frequency-Comb Architecture

A 76–81 GHz CMOS mmW quadrature down-conversion mixer for automotive radar applications

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