9-cis-Retinoic acid represses estrogen-induced expression of the very low density apolipoprotein II gene

Schippers, Ingrid J.; Kloppenburg, M; Snippe, Lenie; Ab, Geert

doi:10.1016/0303-7207(94)90167-8

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Further, 9-cis-RA down-regulated the estrogen-induced expression of a transfected estrogen-responsive VLDL reporter gene through the main ERE in the gene promoter. In chicken hepatoma cells, 9-cis-RA also had a strong repressive effect on the estrogen-induced expression of the endogenous apoVLDLII gene [ 124 ] ( Figure 5 A). Again, using transgene transfection, it was shown that the RXRβ-PPARα heterodimer can activate an estrogen-responsive reporter gene when activated by 9-cis-RA, an effect mediated by the binding of RXRβ-PPARα to the ERE [ 125 ] ( Figure 5 ).…”

Section: Hepatic Crosstalk Between Esrs and Other Members Of The Nuclear Receptor Superfamilymentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Estrogens in the Healthy and Diseased Oviparous Vertebrate Liver

et al. 2021

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The liver is a vital organ that sustains multiple functions beneficial for the whole organism. It is sexually dimorphic, presenting sex-biased gene expression with implications for the phenotypic differences between males and females. Estrogens are involved in this sex dimorphism and their actions in the liver of several reptiles, fishes, amphibians, and birds are discussed. The liver participates in reproduction by producing vitellogenins (yolk proteins) and eggshell proteins under the control of estrogens that act via two types of receptors active either mainly in the cell nucleus (ESR) or the cell membrane (GPER1). Estrogens also control hepatic lipid and lipoprotein metabolisms, with a triglyceride carrier role for VLDL from the liver to the ovaries during oogenesis. Moreover, the activation of the vitellogenin genes is used as a robust biomarker for exposure to xenoestrogens. In the context of liver diseases, high plasma estrogen levels are observed in fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in chicken implicating estrogens in the disease progression. Fishes are also used to investigate liver diseases, including models generated by mutation and transgenesis. In conclusion, studies on the roles of estrogens in the non-mammalian oviparous vertebrate liver have contributed enormously to unveil hormone-dependent physiological and physiopathological processes.

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Section: Hepatic Crosstalk Between Esrs and Other Members Of The Nuclear Receptor Superfamilymentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Estrogens in the Healthy and Diseased Oviparous Vertebrate Liver

et al. 2021

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“…278,279] and apoptosis [280,281] induction. In mammary tissue, the mechanism may be down-regulation of the estrogen receptor [282] or inhibition of estrogen-responsive gene transcription [283], suggesting a reason for enhanced efficacy when administered with an antiestrogen. We are currently evaluating the preclinical efficacy of 9-cis-retinoic acid in rat mammary and prostate models and have found that it inhibits ACF in rat colon [53].…”

Section: Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New agents for cancer chemoprevention

et al. 1996

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Clinical chemoprevention trials of more than 30 agents and agent combinations are now in progress or being planned.The most advanced agents are well known and are in large Phase III chemoprevention intervention trials or epidemiological studies. These drugs include several retinoids [e.g., retinol, retinyl palmitate, all-trum-retinoic acid, and 13-cis-retinoic acid], calcium, pcarotene, vitamin E, tamoxifen, and finaskride. Other newer agents are currently being evaluated in or being considered for Phase II and early Phase Ill chemoprevention trials. Prominent in this group are all-truns-N-(4-hydroxy phenylfretmamide (4-HPR) (alone and in combination with tamoxifen), 2-difluoromethylomithine (DFMO), nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (aspirin, piroxicam, sulindac), oltipraz, and dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA). A third group is new agents showing chemopreventive activity in animal models, epidemiological studies, or in pilot clinical intervention studies. They are now in preclinical toxicology testing or Phase I safety and pharmacokinetics trials preparatory to chemoprevention efficacy trials. These agents include S-allyl-I-cysteine, curcumin. DHEA analog 8354 (fluasterone), genistein, ibuprofen, indole-3carbino1, perillyl alcohol, phenethyl isothiocyanate, 9-cis-retinoic acid, sulindac sulfone, tea extracts, ursodiol, vitamin D analogs, and p-xylyl selenocyanate. A new generation of agents and agent combinations will soon enter clinical chemoprevention studies based primarily on promising chemopreventive activity in animal models and in mechanistic studies. Among these agents are more efficacious analogs of known chemopreventive drugs including novel carotenoids (e.g., acarotene and lutein). Also included are safer analogs which retain the chemopreventive efficacy of the parent drug such as vitamin D3 analogs. Other agents of high interest are aromatase inhibitors (eg.. (+)-vorozole), and protease inhibitors (e.g., Bowman-Birk soybean hypsin inhibitor). Combinations are also being considered, such as vitamin E with I-selenomethionine. Analysis of signal transduction pathways is beginning to yield classes of potentially active and selective chemopreventive drugs. Examples are rus isoprenylation and epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* Key words: cancer chemo reventive agents, drug development, retinoids, DFMO, NSAlDs, oltipraz, Phase I clinical trials, b hase II clinical trials evaluation in animal models and human clinical trials: A review.

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“…Its promoter contains many regulatory elements t h a t have been prominently related with gene expression. I: aiso contains sequences within its first intron that increase transcription (Schippers et al,1994). By using in uitro DNAseI footprinting, 6 protein-binding sites were revealed throughout the first intron and those protein-binding sites affect expression of apoVLDL-I1 gene and other correlative gene (Shuler et al, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%