9. Fused in combat: gender relations and armed conflict

El‐Bushra, Judy

doi:10.3362/9780855987039.009

Cited by 30 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…It appears to leave the victim nearly permanently psychologically vulnerable. Maltreatment experienced during childhood, resulting in vulnerability of parents in the face of new (war) trauma, especially among traditional African communities such as the IDP families in this study, could be exacerbated by lack of the cultural and social support (Iversen et al, 2008;Murthy, & Lakshminarayana, 2006) people normally receive, which in this case was destroyed by the war (El-Bushra & Sahl, 2005;Pedersen, 2002). In contrast, the adolescents who are less sophisticated in knowledge and value of the wider society as a source of social support might mainly rely on the family in times of adversity (Norris et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…They also abducted scores of people, especially children (Annan, Blattman, & Horton, ; Human Rights Watch, ). Many times, parents were abducted along with their children to carry luggage, and the children were conscripted into the rebel rank and file (De Temmermann, ; El‐Bushra & Sahl, ). The rebel activities disrupted the harmonious and patriarchal family system of the Acholi people (Enomoto, ; Mazrui, ) literally destroying the social fabric (El‐Bushra & Sahl, ; Human Rights Watch, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many times, parents were abducted along with their children to carry luggage, and the children were conscripted into the rebel rank and file (De Temmermann, ; El‐Bushra & Sahl, ). The rebel activities disrupted the harmonious and patriarchal family system of the Acholi people (Enomoto, ; Mazrui, ) literally destroying the social fabric (El‐Bushra & Sahl, ; Human Rights Watch, 2005). The abducted adolescents, the prime targets of the LRA, suffered the most from the atrocities in comparison to other abducted persons (Amone‐P'Olak, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hidden Effects of Child Maltreatment in a War Region: Correlates of Psychopathology in Two Generations Living in Northern Uganda

Olema

Catani

Ertl

et al. 2014

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Adverse life experiences are a major risk factor for psychopathology. Studies from industrialized countries have consistently shown the detrimental effects of child maltreatment on the mental health of the victims. Research in war-affected populations, however, has mostly been restricted to the psychological damage caused by the war. Both war trauma and child maltreatment have rarely been studied simultaneously. In a comparative study of 2 generations living in severely war-affected regions in Northern Uganda, we determined the relationship between both trauma types and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and suicide ideation. A total of 100 adolescents, 50 with and 50 without a history of abduction by the rebel army with both their parents (100 mothers and 100 fathers) living in camps in northern Uganda were interviewed. The study showed that both generations were severely affected by war and child maltreatment. Both trauma types were independently correlated with psychological disorders in the adolescent group. Only child maltreatment, however, not war violence, accounted for PTSD symptoms in the parent group (β = .253, p = .002). We conclude that, even in the context of severe war, the impact of child maltreatment on psychological disorders surpasses the damage of war trauma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The Hidden Effects of Child Maltreatment in a War Region: Correlates of Psychopathology in Two Generations Living in Northern Uganda

Olema

Catani

Ertl

et al. 2014

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…This was not the case for our subjects, given the protracted war that constrained the Acholi culture (El-Bushra & Sahl, 2005). This two-decade war hindered the process of transmission of cultural norms from one generation to another (Liu Institute for Global Issues et al, 2005).…”

Section: Findings and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

An escape from agony: A qualitative psychological autopsy study of women's suicide in a post-conflict Northern Uganda

Kizza

Knizek

Kinyanda

et al. 2012

International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well

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We set out to investigate suicide among women in a post-conflict context in Northern Uganda using qualitative psychological autopsy interviews. Three to five relatives and friends for each of the three suicides recruited were interviewed (N=11). Through interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) we found that the women all had been through traumatic experiences attributable to the protracted war/conflict between the rebel groups and Ugandan Government armed forces. Nevertheless, the decision of self-inflicted death seemed to have been due to a combination of unpleasant experiences/events that prevailed within the last 3 months prior to the suicide. These experiences are summarized in two broad themes: No control in life and No care. Changes in the traditional gender roles, men's quest for their lost masculinity, and women's attempt to fight for their rights that was perceived as a cultural transgression contributed to the women's suicides.

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“…6. Studies such as Bennett et al (1995) and El-Bushra and Sahl (2005) provide ample illustration of the truism that in many war situations, men tend to lose motivation and self-respect while women gain these qualities, since women take over many of men's responsibilities, exerting extraordinary efforts to maintain provision of food, shelter and security for their families.…”

Section: Women's Experiences Of Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feminism, Gender, and Women's Peace Activism

El‐Bushra¹

2008

Gender Myths and Feminist Fables

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on 'Women, peace and security', passed in 2000, reflects a recent growth in women's peace activism. Women's resistance to violence is widely believed to be a mobilizing factor in both local and international peace movements. This provokes questions around essentialism and violence of concern to feminists: are men inherently territorial and aggressive, and women naturally nurturing and peaceable? Or is the behaviour of both conditioned by particular local configurations of social relations of power? This contribution reviews these questions in the light of the experiences of women's peace organizations. It concludes that essentializing women's roles as wives, mothers and nurses discourages their inclusion as active decision makers in political arenas, as well as overshadowing the needs of other disadvantaged groups. Rather than seeing war as the violation of women by men, we should recognize that men and women are each differently violated by war.Judy El-Bushra developed her current interest in the overlaps between gender and conflict as themes in research, policy and practice while working with ACORD over twenty years. She currently manages the Great Lakes Programme of International Alert, 346 Clapham Rd, London SW9 9AP, UK.

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9. Fused in combat: gender relations and armed conflict

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

The Hidden Effects of Child Maltreatment in a War Region: Correlates of Psychopathology in Two Generations Living in Northern Uganda

The Hidden Effects of Child Maltreatment in a War Region: Correlates of Psychopathology in Two Generations Living in Northern Uganda

An escape from agony: A qualitative psychological autopsy study of women's suicide in a post-conflict Northern Uganda

Feminism, Gender, and Women's Peace Activism

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