9 Imaging in hereditary haemochromatosis: establishing a local guideline for cardiac and hepatic surveillance

Investigating gastrointestinal disorders in pregnancy

“…39 In the absence of consensus guidelines, previous authors recommend that all patients with HH undergo echocardiography at diagnosis and every 1-2 years thereafter, and that cardiac MRI be performed if echocardiographic abnormalities are detected. 40,41 Echocardiography should be considered preconception or in first trimester in all women with HH who have not had echocardiography in the previous 12 months. HH may also be associated with elevated maternal lead levels, increasing the risk of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, reduced birth weight, neurodevelopmental disorders, and subclinical brain injury.…”