90-90-90 for HIV-2? Ending the HIV-2 epidemic by enhancing care and clinical management of patients infected with HIV-2

In VitroAntiviral Activity of Cabotegravir against HIV-2

“…The UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS)/World Health Organization has set ambitious targets for HIV diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, with the ultimate aim of ending the global AIDS epidemic by 2030 (69). Efforts to attain these goals in West Africa and other areas will require a renewed commitment to clinical care for HIV-2-infected individuals (24). In particular, efforts are needed to improve HIV-2 patient access to fixed-dose, single-tablet formulations in which all antiretroviral components are active against HIV-2.…”

“…Difficulties in differentiating HIV-2 or HIV-1/2 dual infection from HIV-1 infection can lead to the inappropriate use of NNRTI-based regimens in HIV-2infected patients and to premature use of PI-based regimens as first-line ART in patients infected solely with HIV-1 (21)(22)(23). Efforts are needed to simplify ART in areas where HIV-1/HIV-2 discriminatory testing is unreliable and stockouts of HIV-2-active antivirals are commonplace (24).…”

HLA‐DQB1*06:276, a novel HLA allele fund in a patient from Guinea‐Bissau

“…HLA type may affect disease progression during infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV type 2 (HIV‐2) is mostly found in West Africa, and a large proportion of HIV‐2 infected individuals have undetectable plasma HIV RNA, which has been linked with slower disease progression . The world’s highest prevalence of HIV‐2 has been described in the West African country Guinea‐Bissau, and during the latest survey the prevalence (2.8%) was still declining …”

“…HIV type 2 (HIV-2) is mostly found in West Africa, and a large proportion of HIV-2 infected individuals have undetectable plasma HIV RNA, which has been linked with slower disease progression. 1 The world's highest prevalence of HIV-2 has been described in the West African country Guinea-Bissau, and during the latest survey the prevalence (2.8%) was still declining. 2 We recently conducted a study investigating associations between HLA and disease progression markers for patients with HIV-2 infection.…”

Long-term immunological responses to treatment among HIV-2 patients in Côte d’Ivoire

“…Historically, antiretroviral therapy (ART) guidelines for patients with HIV-2 have been based on 'low quality' evidence, such as observational studies, case reports, and in vitro studies [8,9]. Broadly, this evidence has shown that HIV-2 is resistant to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) [10], shows decreased susceptibility to some protease inhibitors (PIs) [11,12], and is susceptible to a variety of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), boosted PIs, and integrase inhibitors [13]. Recent data indicate that the integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) class of integrase inhibitors are safe and effective against HIV-2 [14,15].…”