Search citation statements
Paper Sections
Citation Types
Year Published
Publication Types
Relationship
Authors
Journals
Cited by 10 publications
References 0 publications
The characteristics of the radioactive contamination of bukhtas and bays are determined: the nonuniformity of the radionuclide distribution in the water and bottom deposits, the rate of accumulation of sediments, the distribution ratio, and the turbulent diffusion coefficient. A characteristic feature is the strong nonuniformity of the radionuclide distribution in bottom sediments. A mathematical model is proposed for radionuclide transport and water of bukhtas taking account of flow, turbulent diffusion, and settling of suspensions. Possible explanations are proposed for the characteristics of the radionuclide distribution in bukhtas. The reason for weak turbulent diffusion in bukhtas is examined.The sources of radioactive contamination of bukhtas and bays are radiation accidents, radwastes, and work performed by enterprises to refuel nuclear powered submarines and salvage and store the cores. There are many works, containing actual data and their analysis, on the radioactive contamination of bays and bukhtas [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Summary works which present a quite complete picture of the contamination of seas and oceans bordering our country have been published in the last few years [8,9]. These works present data on the sources of contamination and the radionuclide content in the water and bottom deposits in 22 bukhtas and bays in the Arctic and Far-East regions. Nine bukhtas are on the Kola Peninsula, four are on Novaya Zemlya, seven are in Primorskii krai, and two are on Kamchatka. The radioactive contamination of most bukhtas and bays in the Far East and on the Kola Peninsula is due to the operations of enterprises which support the functioning and salvaging of nuclear powered submarines. Reactors of nuclear powered submarines and containers with solid radwastes have been dumped in the bays on Novaya Zemlya. Radiation accidents have occurred in the bukhtas Chazhma and Pavlovskogo in Primorskii krai. For a long time, cores were refueled afloat in bukhta Bol'shoi Kamen'.The purpose of the present work is to analyze, classify, and generalize the data on the radioactive contamination of bukhtas [1-4, 8, 9]. The salient features of the radionuclide distribution in the water and bottom deposits have been determined and expressed in a quantitative form. These features are associated with the physical and chemical properties of the radionuclides and with hydrophysical processes in bukhtas. A mathematical model of radionuclide transport has been developed to explain certain features.With respect to radionuclide transport, a bukhta is an example of the system water-suspension-bottom deposits, where with time the content of the inflowing radionuclides is redistributed between the components of the system. Radionuclide transport occurs in the water by means of turbulent diffusion and advection. Radionuclides flow from the water into the bottom deposits by means of settling of suspensions and bioagitation [6,7]. These two processes are slow and, as a rule, take years [6]. Another process, characteristic for transport ...
The characteristics of the radioactive contamination of bukhtas and bays are determined: the nonuniformity of the radionuclide distribution in the water and bottom deposits, the rate of accumulation of sediments, the distribution ratio, and the turbulent diffusion coefficient. A characteristic feature is the strong nonuniformity of the radionuclide distribution in bottom sediments. A mathematical model is proposed for radionuclide transport and water of bukhtas taking account of flow, turbulent diffusion, and settling of suspensions. Possible explanations are proposed for the characteristics of the radionuclide distribution in bukhtas. The reason for weak turbulent diffusion in bukhtas is examined.The sources of radioactive contamination of bukhtas and bays are radiation accidents, radwastes, and work performed by enterprises to refuel nuclear powered submarines and salvage and store the cores. There are many works, containing actual data and their analysis, on the radioactive contamination of bays and bukhtas [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Summary works which present a quite complete picture of the contamination of seas and oceans bordering our country have been published in the last few years [8,9]. These works present data on the sources of contamination and the radionuclide content in the water and bottom deposits in 22 bukhtas and bays in the Arctic and Far-East regions. Nine bukhtas are on the Kola Peninsula, four are on Novaya Zemlya, seven are in Primorskii krai, and two are on Kamchatka. The radioactive contamination of most bukhtas and bays in the Far East and on the Kola Peninsula is due to the operations of enterprises which support the functioning and salvaging of nuclear powered submarines. Reactors of nuclear powered submarines and containers with solid radwastes have been dumped in the bays on Novaya Zemlya. Radiation accidents have occurred in the bukhtas Chazhma and Pavlovskogo in Primorskii krai. For a long time, cores were refueled afloat in bukhta Bol'shoi Kamen'.The purpose of the present work is to analyze, classify, and generalize the data on the radioactive contamination of bukhtas [1-4, 8, 9]. The salient features of the radionuclide distribution in the water and bottom deposits have been determined and expressed in a quantitative form. These features are associated with the physical and chemical properties of the radionuclides and with hydrophysical processes in bukhtas. A mathematical model of radionuclide transport has been developed to explain certain features.With respect to radionuclide transport, a bukhta is an example of the system water-suspension-bottom deposits, where with time the content of the inflowing radionuclides is redistributed between the components of the system. Radionuclide transport occurs in the water by means of turbulent diffusion and advection. Radionuclides flow from the water into the bottom deposits by means of settling of suspensions and bioagitation [6,7]. These two processes are slow and, as a rule, take years [6]. Another process, characteristic for transport ...
The construction of floating nuclear power plants began in the interests of supplying energy in remote far-north and far-east regions in our country which are difficult to reach. A predictive assessment of radiological and radioecological consequences of operating such plants is extremely urgent. The problem is examined on the basis of the effects of a floating nuclear power plant on plant workers, the public, and the environment that have been determined by a computational method at the design stage as well as on the basis of generalization and analysis of experience gained in operating nuclear powered ships under the difficult climatic conditions in the Far North and Far East over the last 45 years.The regions of the Far North and the remote regions associated to them occupy more than 50% of the territory of Russia. Local autonomous energy-supply systems, which will not become a part of a unified energy system of the country any time soon and which require continual deliveries of fossil fuels, allow approximately 20 million people to survive and industry to develop. Technical and economic investigations performed for the Far North and Far East have shown that is economically advantageous to develop and use in these regions floating nuclear heat and power plants (FNHPP) as alternative sources of energy.A floating power generating unit is the base unit for generating 60 MW(e) of electric energy and 150 MW(t) of thermal energy. It includes two KLT-40S facilities with water-moderated water-cooled reactors in a strong sealed protective envelope, designed to confine an accident with rupture of the first-loop pipeline.Even though similar reactor systems (OK-900, KLT-40, -40M) with total production of about 250 reactor years and several hundreds of shipborne reactors have been operating reliably and safely for several years in icebreakers and nuclearpowered submarines, the problem of ensuring the radiological and radioecological safety of FNHPP remains at the center of attention. The present article is devoted to an examination of these questions.Safety [1]. In developing FNHPP, priority is given to accident avoidance and radwaste reduction. At the same time, measures are being implemented to increase the reliability of safety systems, and technical means for controlling unanticipated accidents, including serious accidents with cord damage, are being adopted.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
Contact Info
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Product
Resources
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.
