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Abstract

Ultrastructural difractometric and chemical evaluations of calcium partially stabilized zirconium (Ca-PSZ) implants were performed in an in vivo study on animals in order to evaluate its biological behaviour. The chemical-morphological investigations demonstrated the presence of an osteogenetic activity at the bone-biomaterial interface. The new-osteogenesis was preceded by the formation of a loose connective tissue around the implants. This mesenchymal-type tissue without a capsular organization, allowing modulation of the mechanical forces to which the implant is subject, could be considered a positive event in the osteogenetic process and not a sign of future failure of the implant. Finally, microanalytical investigations carried out on non-implanted and implanted Ca-PSZ tools suggested that the surface of this ceramic material does not undergo modification once it has been inserted in the biological environment (12 months).

Articular cartilage repair: basic science and clinical progress. A review of the current status and prospects

“…It efficiently supports not only chondrogenic activities [295][296][297] , but also the in-vitro expression of cartilage extracellular matrix proteins by human chondrocytes 294 . It can also serve as a carrier for growth factors 298 . Chitosan has not yet been employed as a matrix in animal or human articular cartilage repair studies, its sole clinical use thus far having been to prevent post-surgical adhesions 299 .…”

Bone morphogenetic proteins in tissue engineering: the road from laboratory to clinic, part II (BMP delivery)

“…Chemical modification of chitosan may enhance certain bioactive properties and increase its solubility in water, thus aiding in the incorporation of rhBMPs, such as in the case of carboxymethyl chitosan. Mattioli-Belmonte et al (1999) reported the use of N,N-dicarboxymethyl chitosan, with delivery of rhBMP, for enhancing cell proliferation and healing in articular cartilage lesions. Recently, rhBMP-2 was immobilized directly on a guided bone-regenerative membrane surface, made of chitosan nanofibres, that functioned as a bioactive surface to enhance bone-healing (Park et al, 2006).…”