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Abstract

Coronary artery disease remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. With advancement of medical therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting has become a cornerstone in the management of acute coronary syndrome. However, complications such as restenosis of stent has become a bane in the treatment of coronary artery disease. Factors such as sedentary lifestyle, nonadherence to medication, mechanical factors such as stent expansion, stent trauma, stent allergy, genetic factors have been implicated in the occurrence of in-stent restenosis. Patients often present in overt symptomatic acute coronary syndrome. Coronary angiography remains the mainstay of diagnosis. Treatments such as placement of drug-eluting stents, drug coated balloons, vascular brachytherapy and balloon angioplasty have been employed in the management.