Arboviruses and arboviruses represent an ancient threat to a large part of humanity. This threat consists mainly in the ease that viruses and their vectors have to adapt, also in the fact that their RNA allows many mutations and genetic recombinations. There are still no effective vaccines for arboviruses such as Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika virus, therefore, it is extremely important for the scientific community to produce work on our body’s defenses against these arboviruses. The present research, which has a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory character, has as its main objective to investigate how immunological responses to arboviruses occur, with specific objectives to explore the various aspects related to the epidemiology of arboviruses and aspects related to the microbiology and cell biology of the processes immune responses of arbovirus hosts. The work consisted of a bibliographic review covering scientific works such as articles, monographs, dissertations and theses related to the investigated theme. After the aforementioned data collection, it was possible to describe how immune responses occur in their various forms, which are shown to be the main immunological mechanisms performed by our organism.