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Abstract

The study presents and points to the importance of implementing intervention exercise programmes in physical and sport education classes. It aims to explain diversification and realization of innovative syllabi through health-oriented exercise programmes with the focus on the primary level of preventive healthcare among the female secondary-school students and improvement of dynamic function of the spine that reflects proper function of the muscle system. The experimental groups comprised 25 second-year female students at one secondary school in the town of Liptovský Mikuláš (A group n=13: age 16.4±0.6 years, height=168.1±3.9 cm, weight=58.3±2.6 kg, B group n=12: age 16.9±0.9 years, height=167.1±4.5 cm, weight=56.6±3.1 kg). Their selection was intentional. The data were obtained by means of standardized methods used in pedagogical and clinical practice for assessment of dynamic function of the spine. The quantitative data obtained from individual groups were processed by means of the nonparametric test for dependent monitoring (one-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank, p<0.01) and the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.01). The results in both experimental groups A and B significantly (p<0.01) proved a positive effect of the 12-week health-oriented exercise programme on overall dynamic function of the spine in the sagittal and lateral planes. The results also confirmed a beneficial influence of the exercise programme on the monitored determinants without significant differences between the experimental groups (p>0.05).

Muscle Strength and Joint Range of Motion of the Spine and Lower Extremities in Female Prepubertal Elite Rhythmic and Artistic Gymnasts

“…The one end of the metering was placed in the spinous process of C7 and the other on the spinous process of S1. The participant, with stretched knees, hands free, and head relaxed, bends the trunk forward [30,32,33]. In full flexion of the trunk the increased difference was measured (Figure 1).…”

“…Then, from the spinous process of the S1 was measured 10 cm upwards, i.e., to the level of the 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae (L1-L2). In trunk flexion with knees stretched, the difference will be increased by about 4-5 cm (Figure 3) [30,32,33,37].…”

“…to the level of the 1st and 2nd lum vertebrae (L1-L2). In trunk flexion with knees stretched, the difference will be increa by about 4-5 cm (Figure 3) [30,32,33,37]. The participant was in the standing position.…”

“…The mobility of the thoracic spine was measured from the spinous process of the C7 and 30 cm downwards. Then, the same distance was measured with the participant in a bending position, where the difference in flexion between positions will be increased by about 3 cm [30,32,38] (Figure 4).…”