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Johnson, David L.; Bretsch, Jennifer K.

doi:10.1023/a:1020500504167

Cited by 104 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…First, we measured the total soil Pb content. Total soil Pb should not be confused with available Pb, although they are closely related [54,55,56]. Second, our study has a limited sample size restrained by time and resources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of Soil Lead in Different Land Uses Along the Urbanization Gradient in the Beijing Metropolitan Area

Mao

Huang

et al. 2014

IJERPH

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Understanding the spatial pattern of soil lead (Pb) levels is essential to protecting human health. Most previous studies have examined soil Pb distributions by either urbanization gradient or land-use type. Few studies, however, have examined both factors together. It remains unclear whether the impacts of land use on soil Pb levels are consistent along the urbanization gradient. To fill this gap, we investigated variations in soil Pb level under different land-use types along the urbanization gradient in Beijing, China. We classified the degree of urbanization as the urban core, transitional zone, or suburban area and the land-use type as industrial area, roadside, residential area, institutional area, road greenbelt, park, or forest. Our results showed that the range of soil Pb levels in Beijing is <1 mg/kg–292 mg/kg, with a mean of 22 mg/kg. Along the urbanization gradient, the mean soil Pb level increased from the suburban area to the urban core. Land-use types have an impact on soil Pb levels, however, when the degree of urbanization is considered, the impact from land use on soil Pb level was only significant in the transitional zone. Parks and road greenbelts were found to have lower soil Pb, primarily due to soil restoration. Roadside and residential areas were found to have higher soil Pb because of traffic emissions, leaded paint, and previous industrial contamination. In the urban core and suburban area, the soil Pb level showed no significant differences among various land-use types. Given the results of soil Pb in various land-use types, we suggest that future studies consider the urbanization gradient in which different land-use samples are located.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of Soil Lead in Different Land Uses Along the Urbanization Gradient in the Beijing Metropolitan Area

Mao

Huang

et al. 2014

IJERPH

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“…Johnson and Bretsch (2002) showed an R 2 of > 0.65 for the regression of geometric mean blood lead on median soil lead levels. In the Johnson and Bretch (2002) and other studies (Mielke 1989;Ranft et al, 2008), important confounders such as lead in house dust and lead in paint, dilapidated housing in inner cities and behavioral factors were not controlled.…”

Section: Indirect Studies Using Census Tracts and Other Datamentioning

confidence: 94%

Contribution of lead in soil to children’s lead burden, an update

Kimbrough

Krouskas²

2012

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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Blood lead levels in children in the USA have dropped dramatically since lead in food, air and drinking water was reduced. In inner cities and older residential areas, increased lead exposure may still be a problem because of dilapidated housing with high lead paint levels. In these areas, at mining sites and around smelters lead levels in soil may be very high. A review of many studies indicates that lead in soil or mine tailings does not make a meaningful contribution to lead absorption by children. The contribution of lead in soil to overall exposure, if any, lies within the variation of the analytical method for blood lead measurements. The results of exposure studies in the pediatric population reviewed in this article do not support exposure predictions for children under 6 years of age based on the US EPA Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model (using default parameters or using results obtained with in vitro digestion models). They also do not support predictions based on the percent of solubility of lead in soil (accessibility studies).

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“…The ongoing studies in our greenhouse are characterizing this dual process technique using WTR as an amendment to the soils from the backyard of site A, with an SLL median of 2900 mg/kg, and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), high biomass, perennial, fast-growing, inedible grass, which is also native to western NY and which was previously studied for its ability to remove other environmental contaminants (Phouthavong- Table 4. Percentile, mean, standard deviation (SD) of soil lead level (SLL) (mg/kg) and potential blood lead level (BLL) (g/dL) in children and potential lead on play surfaces (PLOPS) (g /ft 2 ) using three prediction models developed by Mielke et al, (2007), Mielke et al, (2006), and Johnson and Bretsch (2002) respectively. , which was measured from the corner of the garage at site G, showed a decrease in soil Pb with distance except on one location (X), which was found to be horizontally aligned to the corner of the neighbor's house, indicating it to be an additional source of LBP ( fig.…”

Section: Sustainable Remediationmentioning

confidence: 99%