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Cerri, Marion R.; Gamas, Pascal; Carvalho-Niebel, Fernanda de

doi:10.1002/9781119053095.ch62

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The comparative genomic analysis of the synteny of ERN genes showed that ERN1 of legumes had a similar gene order to the ERN genes of nonlegume plants, rather than that of ERN2 did. In contrast to the previous suggestion that ERN1 was derived from ERN2 via duplication, 54 , 55 , 64 the synteny analysis proposed that ERN1 might have an orthologous role to ERN genes of plants of the outgroup. Molecular evolutionary analysis of ω ratio supported this result.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…ERN2, an ERF/AP2 transcription factor closely related to ERN1, exists wildly in legumes. 54 In M. truncatula , it has been shown to be able to bind to the NF box, and activate ENOD11 transcription 36 and to possess similar biological activities with ERN1. 54 The double-mutant analyses indicated that ERN1/ERN2 play essential roles for initiating root hair infection and root nodule development.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 54 In M. truncatula , it has been shown to be able to bind to the NF box, and activate ENOD11 transcription 36 and to possess similar biological activities with ERN1. 54 The double-mutant analyses indicated that ERN1/ERN2 play essential roles for initiating root hair infection and root nodule development. 55 Thus, we investigated the ERN2 ortholog in L. japonicus .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Function and evolution of aLotus japonicusAP2/ERF family transcription factor that is required for development of infection threads

Yano

Aoki

et al. 2016

DNA Res

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Legume-rhizobium symbiosis is achieved by two major events evolutionarily acquired: root hair infection and organogenesis. Infection thread (IT) development is a distinct element for rhizobial infection. Through ITs, rhizobia are efficiently transported from infection foci on root hairs to dividing meristematic cortical cells. To unveil this process, we performed genetic screening using Lotus japonicus MG-20 and isolated symbiotic mutant lines affecting nodulation, root hair morphology, and IT development. Map-based cloning identified an AP2/ERF transcription factor gene orthologous to Medicago truncatula ERN1. LjERN1 was activated in response to rhizobial infection and depended on CYCLOPS and NSP2. Legumes conserve an ERN1 homolog, ERN2, that functions redundantly with ERN1 in M. truncatula. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the lineages of ERN1 and ERN2 genes originated from a gene duplication event in the common ancestor of legume plants. However, genomic analysis suggested the lack of ERN2 gene in the L. japonicus genome, consistent with Ljern1 mutants exhibited a root hair phenotype that is observed in ern1/ern2 double mutants in M. truncatula. Molecular evolutionary analysis suggested that the nonsynonymous/synonymous rate ratios of legume ERN1 genes was almost identical to that of non-legume plants, whereas the ERN2 genes experienced a relaxed selective constraint.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Function and evolution of aLotus japonicusAP2/ERF family transcription factor that is required for development of infection threads

Yano

Aoki

et al. 2016

DNA Res

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MtEFD and MtEFD2: Two transcription factors with distinct neofunctionalization in symbiotic nodule development

et al. 2022

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Rhizobium-legume nitrogen-fixing symbiosis involves the formation of a specific organ, the root nodule, which provides bacteria with the proper cellular environment for atmospheric nitrogen fixation. Coordinated differentiation of plant and bacterial cells is an essential step of nodule development, for which few transcriptional regulators have been characterized. MtEFD (Medicago truncatula ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR REQUIRED FOR NODULE DIFFERENTIATION) encodes an AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR) transcription factor, the mutation of which leads to both hypernodulation and severe defects in nodule development. MtEFD positively controls a negative regulator of cytokinin signaling, the MtRR4 (RESPONSE REGULATOR 4) gene. Here we showed that that the Mtefd-1 mutation affects both plant and bacterial endoreduplication in nodules, as well as the expression of hundreds of genes in young and mature nodules, upstream of known regulators of symbiotic differentiation. MtRR4 expressed with the MtEFD promoter complemented Mtefd-1 hypernodulation but not the nodule differentiation phenotype. Unexpectedly, a non-legume homologue of MtEFD, AtERF003 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), could efficiently complement both phenotypes of Mtefd-1, in contrast to the MtEFD paralogue MtEFD2 expressed in the root and nodule meristematic zone. A domain swap experiment showed that MtEFD2 differs from MtEFD by its C-terminal fraction outside the DNA binding domain. Furthermore, CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis of MtEFD2 led to a reduction in the number of nodules formed in Mtefd-1, with down-regulation of a set of genes, including notably MtNF-YA1 (NUCLEAR FACTOR-YA1) and MtNF-YB16, which are essential for nodule meristem establishment. We therefore conclude that nitrogen-fixing symbiosis recruited two proteins originally expressed in roots, MtEFD and MtEFD2, with distinct functions and neofunctionalization processes for each of them.

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Cited by 2 publications

References 93 publications

Function and evolution of aLotus japonicusAP2/ERF family transcription factor that is required for development of infection threads

Function and evolution of aLotus japonicusAP2/ERF family transcription factor that is required for development of infection threads

MtEFD and MtEFD2: Two transcription factors with distinct neofunctionalization in symbiotic nodule development

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