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Ruiz, Pedro; Varner, Roy V.; Small, David; Johnson, Bankole A.

doi:10.1023/a:1022153403924

Cited by 32 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Given these health and acculturation relationships, acculturation could potentially affect adherence via, for example, physician/patient communication or health literacy. Ethnic differences in prescriptions for and use of (32, 33), dosing needs (34), response to (35), and tolerability of (36, 37) psychotropics have been previously noted for Latinos. However, to our knowledge, there has not yet been a comprehensive review of the literature examining psychotropic adherence among Latinos living in the United States that includes the frequency of, factors associated with, and influences of language and acculturation on nonadherence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Psychotropic Medication Nonadherence Among United States Latinos: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Lanouette¹,

Folsom²,

Sciolla³

et al. 2009

Psychiatric Services

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Objective Psychotropic medication nonadherence is a major public health problem, but few studies have focused on Latinos. We systematically reviewed the literature on rates of and factors influencing antipsychotic, antidepressant, or mood stabilizer nonadherence among United States (US) Latinos. Methods Data Sources: MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched using keywords adherence, compliance, Latino, Hispanic, psychotropic, and related terms, as well as bibliographies from relevant reviews and studies. Study Selection: 21 studies met inclusion criteria: published since 1980 in English or Spanish; measured psychotropic medication nonadherence rates among US Latino adults. Data Abstraction: We examined articles for study design and objective, location, population, medication type, participant demographics, adherence measure, adherence rates, and factors related to adherence. Results and Conclusions In studies including Latinos and other ethnic groups, mean nonadherence rates were 41%, 31%, and 43% among Latinos, Euro-Americans, and African Americans respectively, with an overall effect size of 0.64 between Latinos and Euro-Americans. In studies including only Latinos, the mean nonadherence rate was 44%. Ten of 16 studies found Latinos had significantly lower adherence rates than Euro-Americans. Risk factors for nonadherence included being monolingual Spanish speaking, lacking health insurance, experiencing barriers to quality care, and having lower socioeconomic status. Protective factors included family support and psychotherapy. Rates of nonadherence to psychotropic medications were higher for Latinos than for Euro-Americans. Further investigation is needed into the potentially modifiable individual and societal level mechanisms of this discrepancy. Clinical and research interventions to improve adherence should be culturally appropriate and incorporate identified factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Psychotropic Medication Nonadherence Among United States Latinos: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Lanouette¹,

Folsom²,

Sciolla³

et al. 2009

Psychiatric Services

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“…Some studies have demonstrated differences in efficacious doses of antipsychotics, as well as antipsychotic response, among different racial and ethnic groups 13,15,16. However, some other studies have failed to replicate these findings 17,18. Hence, the additional aim of this study was to document differences, if any, in average dose, clinical response, and safety profile of ziprasidone between Chinese and Western populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Double-blind comparison of ziprasidone and risperidone in the treatment of Chinese patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia

Zhang

Li²,

Shen³

et al. 2011

NDT

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Background:The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ziprasidone versus risperidone in Chinese subjects with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia.Methods:In patients meeting the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders criteria for schizophrenia and with a Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score ≥60 were randomly assigned to six weeks of double-blind treatment with ziprasidone 40–80 mg twice daily or risperidone 1–3 mg bid, flexibly dosed. Noninferiority was demonstrated if the upper limit of the two-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference in PANSS total score improvement from baseline in the evaluable population was smaller than the prespecified noninferiority margin of 10 units.Results:The intent-to-treat population comprised 118 ziprasidone-treated and 121 risperidone-treated subjects. Improvement (reduction) from baseline to week 6 in PANSS total score was (−35.6 [95% CI: −38.6, −32.6]) for ziprasidone and (−37.1 [95% CI: −39.9, −34.4]) for risperidone. Noninferiority was demonstrated in the evaluable population with a difference score of 1.5 [95% CI: −2.5, 5.5]. Mean prolactin levels decreased at week 6 compared with baseline for ziprasidone (−3.5 ng/mL), but significantly increased for risperidone (61.1 ng/mL; P < 0.001). More risperidone-treated subjects (14.9%) than ziprasidone-treated subjects (4.2%) reported weight gain ≥7%. Akathisia and somnolence in the ziprasidone group and akathisia and insomnia in the risperidone group were the most common side effects. Treatment-related/treatment-emergent adverse events were reported by 79.7% and 71.1% of ziprasidone-treated and risperidone-treated subjects, respectively.Conclusion:In Chinese subjects, ziprasidone was as effective as risperidone, with less weight gain and less prolactin elevation.

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“…Contrary to general beliefs that African/Black populations require higher doses of psychopharmacological agents than the Caucasian population for the treatment of most psychiatric disorders, recent studies have shown that this is not the case. These studies (Varner et al , 1998, 2000; Ruiz et al , 1999) have shown that African/Black populations require smaller doses of tricyclic antidepressants (desipramine, imipramine and nortriptyline) than the Caucasian population for the treatment of major depression and, similarly, smaller doses of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine and sertraline).…”

Section: African/black Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of ethnicity in psychopharmacology

Ruiz¹

2007

Int. psychiatry

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The association between ethnicity and pharmacology has been reported in the medical literature for several decades. However, the relationship between ethnicity and psychopharmacology has become widely recognised only in the last two or three decades. The large-scale migration which started after the Second World War, at first to the USA and more recently to other higher-income countries, as a result of globalisation, has greatly contributed to the attention and focus given to these migrant groups. In this context, these migrant groups primarily comprise ethnic and racial minority groups. This article briefly reviews the relationship between ethnicity and psychopharmacological agents.

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Cited by 32 publications

References 25 publications

Psychotropic Medication Nonadherence Among United States Latinos: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Psychotropic Medication Nonadherence Among United States Latinos: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Double-blind comparison of ziprasidone and risperidone in the treatment of Chinese patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia

The role of ethnicity in psychopharmacology

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