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Abstract

Changes in (14)C incorporation into regenerate after bone fracture and impairment of mandibular innervation, and injection of [3-(14)C]cytrate corresponded to the stages of reparative osteogenesis: after 1 week (14)C incorporation in the cellular-fibrous callus surpassed its release, after 2 weeks the rates of (14)C incorporation and release in the chondroid callus become similar, and after 4 weeks the release of the label predominated in the primary bone callus. Denervation reduced (14)C incorporation into regenerate, which impaired bone remodeling. Citrate in the bones is characterized by high metabolic activity.

Citrate chemistry and biology for biomaterials design

“…K citrate) therapy to bone mineral density in healthy adults [128] or patients with nephrolithiasis [129, 130], up to now it was believed such a favorable effect is derived from neutralization of the endogenous acid load leading to positive calcium and phosphate balance. However, SLC13a5 gene expression is found to be upregulated significantly in newly formed rat bone [131] and also at the early stage of osteointegration [132], which is in agreement with the sharply increased accumulation of intraperitoneally injected 14 C labeled citrate in the soft callus after bone fracture [133], pointing out a potential link between citrate biology and bone formation. Moreover, SLC13a5 deficiency could lead to impaired bone formation and defective tooth enamel development [134].…”

A method for evaluating the fluctuations in the intensity of substance transport between blood and bones in the predominant direction

“…The dynamics of coefficient of difference (CD) in percent radioactivity (PRA), repeatedly evaluated from the two nearest PRA, was evaluated by our patented method [3]. The first step of this procedure is estimation of the radioisotope incorporation percentage in the mandibular bone and serum by the percent ratio of cpm/g bone (Fig.…”

“…Carbonate is essential for solubility and solidity of the main bone crystal hydroxyapatite Ca n (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 [5,8,9,11]. Citrate transports Ca between blood and bone [4,6,9,11,13,14]. Selenium (antioxidant) maintains the normal bone status [1,6,7,10,12,15].…”