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When Organizational Identification Elicits Moral Decision-Making: A Matter of the Right Climate

“…Collectively, oriented climates relate to higher levels of organizational commitment, thereby illustrating that the climate serves as a behavioral norm for pro-social organizational behavior (Cullen et al 2003), helping behavior (Kalshoven and Boon 2012), ethical judgments (Barnett and Vaicys 2000), and managerial moral decisions (Elm and Nichols 1993). Furthermore, ethical climate has been related to reductions in deviant behavior by employees (Mayer et al 2010;Peterson 2002;Wimbush et al 1997).…”

“…When referring to the moral standards of behavior, one may thus speak of an ethical climate (Kuenzi and Schminke 2009). Such climate has been found to be positively related to organizational commitment (Cullen et al 2003), job satisfaction (Deshpande 1996), and wellbeing (Martin and Cullen 2006), and negatively to deviant behaviors (Mayer et al 2010;Peterson 2002;Wimbush et al 1997). Despite these insights, organizational climate theory does not provide an explanation why employees would adhere to ethical standards in the organization; ethical climate may capture moral standards, but this in and of itself may not explain why an individual member of the organization would adhere to these standards.…”

Ethical Antecedents of Dysfunctional Behaviour in Performance Measurement and Control System

“…Critical reviews of these two contributing variables pointed to two personal ethics, namely a person's ethical ideologies (Kish-Gephart et al, 2010), and ethical attitudes (Izraeli, 1988), and three organizational ethics constructs, namely code of ethics (Adams et al, 2001;Kish-Gephart et al, 2010), ethical work climate (Kish-Gephart et al, 2010;Victor, & Cullen, 1988;Wimbush, Shepard, & Markham, 1997), and perceived ethical leadership (Brown, Trevino, & Harrison, 2005;Brown, & Trevino, 2006). Each of these variables will be looked into in the next section.…”

“…Adams et al (2001), Kish-Gephart et al (2010), Wimbush, Shepard, and Markham (1997), and Victor and Cullen (1988) to name a few, found that organizations do create bad and good social environments that can influence individual's unethical behaviour. Code of ethics (COE), written and formulated at the head-quarter, can be disseminated and communicated to other branches so that all branches would adhere to the same codes and rules of conduct.…”

“…Cullen (1988, 1987) and Wimbush, Shepard, and Markham (1997) argued that EWC provides the cues to employees in guiding them when they are faced with certain dilemmas, and regarding what behaviours are important, appropriate, and likely to be rewarded and not rewarded, which can be perceived through the actions and attitudes of others. In this case, it may fit the postulation made in social learning theory that individuals learn of the acceptable and unacceptable behaviours through both methods, directly, via their own experience, and vicariously, through the experiences of those around them (Bandura, 1977(Bandura, , 1986.…”