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Abstract

particularly when not justified by a medical condition, expose women to well-documented risks of death, disability and depression including increased health costs [3][4][5].Many studies have shown that women who have cesarean section without medical necessities are at high risk of higher rates of infection, pain, pre-hospitalization, breastfeeding challenges, and complications in future pregnancies and even death of childbearing women [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Additionally, babies delivered by cesarean sections have higher rates of hospital admission, need for ventilation, respiratory morbidity and mortality [6,[14][15][16]. Cesarean section born babies are more likely to have long-term negative health effects, such as asthma, type-1 diabetes, obesity, metabolic diseases and lead to unexplained stillbirths in the second pregnancy [3,[17][18][19][20]. These risks explain why cesarean on demand or without any maternal and fetus conditions is