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Abstract. Smartcards are trusted personal devices designed to store and process confidential data, and to act as secure tokens for providing access to applications and services. Smartcards are widely deployed and their usage spans over several application domains including banking, telecommunications, and identity.Open platform smartcards are new generation trusted personal devices with increased flexibility. Such devices, which benefit of increased connectivity and increased interoperability, can host several applets and allow new applets to be loaded post-issuance. Such an increased flexibility raises concerns about the possibility of logical attacks that could affect a very large number of devices, and requires the development of techniques and tools that can be used to increase the reliability of platforms and applications for trusted personal devices. The objective of this chapter is to describe some applications of formal methods to increase the reliability of smartcards and trusted personal devices.
Abstract. Smartcards are trusted personal devices designed to store and process confidential data, and to act as secure tokens for providing access to applications and services. Smartcards are widely deployed and their usage spans over several application domains including banking, telecommunications, and identity.Open platform smartcards are new generation trusted personal devices with increased flexibility. Such devices, which benefit of increased connectivity and increased interoperability, can host several applets and allow new applets to be loaded post-issuance. Such an increased flexibility raises concerns about the possibility of logical attacks that could affect a very large number of devices, and requires the development of techniques and tools that can be used to increase the reliability of platforms and applications for trusted personal devices. The objective of this chapter is to describe some applications of formal methods to increase the reliability of smartcards and trusted personal devices.
Bytecode verification is a crucial security component for Java applets, on the Web and on embedded devices such as smart cards. This paper reviews the various bytecode verification algorithms that have been proposed, recasts them in a common framework of dataflow analysis, and surveys the use of proof assistants to specify bytecode verification and prove its correctness.
The Java virtual machine embodies a verifier that performs a set of checks on Java bytecode programs before their execution. The verifier carries out an efficient data-flow analysis applied to a typelevel abstract interpretation of the code. The implementations of the bytecode verifier presented a significant problem with programs compiled with the Sun Java compiler (until version 1.4.1): there were legal Java programs which were correctly compiled into a bytecode that was rejected by the verifier. The problem was fixed by removing, in version 1.4.2 and following, some interesting features in the compilation of the try-finally Java construct. Because removing such features has a cost in terms of memory space, in this paper we propose to enhance the bytecode verifier to accept such programs, maintaining the space efficiency of the previous versions of the compiler. We define an abstract interpretation framework in which we model the enhanced version of the verifier. The defined abstract interpretation framework can be considered a good basis for other static analyses of bytecode programs.
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