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Abstract

Aim: The present investigation deals with the formulation of floating-bioadhesive matrix tablets of verapamil hydrochloride (VH). The main objective of this work was to overcome the limitations of the conventional floating matrix tablets. Materials and Methods: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K15M was used as a matrixforming agent whereas carboxymethyl tamarind gum (CMTG) was used to promote bioadhesion. Systematic optimization was performed using a central composite design with two independent variables and six dependent variables. Tablets were prepared by using the wet granulation method. The effect of polymer ratio (HPMC:CMTG) and sodium bicarbonate (SB) concentration on the total floating time (TFT), floating lag time (FLT), bioadhesion, swelling, and drug release (DR) was studied and optimized. Results and Discussion: Floating-bioadhesive matrix tablets of VH showed good physicochemical properties. The FLT was within the range of 2.87-14.41 min and TFT was more than 12 h. The tablets showed 17-30% of burst release in the 1 st h and controlled release over a period of 12-h. DR and swelling were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by polymer ratio and concentration of SB in formulation. The polynomial mathematical models, generated for various response variables using multiple regression analysis, were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). Optimized batch showed FLT of 6.14 min, bioadhesion of 17.23 g, swelling of 74.83% at 5 h, and DR of 75.48% at 10 h, with anomalous release mechanism. The observed values were near to the predicted values obtained by the experimental design. Conclusion: The floating-bioadhesive tablets of VH prepared using HPMC and CMTG exhibited a potential to retain and control the release of drug in stomach for more than 12 h and may be used as an alternative to the conventional floating tablets of VH.

Delivery of drugs using tamarind gum and modified tamarind gum: A review

“…Wet granulation followed by compression TG Release retardant, matrix former NA Salicylic acid, indomethacin, theophylline [45] Tablet Direct compression TG, TG-epichlorohydrin Release retardant NA Caffeine [87] Tablet Direct compression TG Release retardant NA Naproxen [88] Tablet Wet granulation TG-HPMC, TG-CAP, TG-EC Matrix former NA Metformin [89] Tablet Wet granulation TG-PVP-HPMC Mucoadhesion NA 5-aminosalicylic acid [90] Film Crosslinking followed by freeze drying TG-acrylic acidpolyamidoamine pH dependent release NA Tramadol [91] Tablet Wet granulation CMTG-HPMC Release retardant NA Simvastatin [93] Tablet Direct compression Thiolated CMTG Mucoadhesive NA Famotidine [95] Tablet Wet granulation followed by compression TG-Xanthan Gum Matrix former NA Verapamil HCl [96] Tablet Non aqueous wet granulation HPMC-CMTG Bioadhesive NA TG-tamarind gum; CMTG-carboxymethyl tamarind gum; HPMC-hydropropylmethyl cellulose; XG-xanthan gum; NA-not applicable…”