Untitled

Abstract

Micronutrient deficiencies such as potassium, magnesium and calcium are very common in the general population and it is more predominantly present in the individuals with hypertension and cardiovascular patients. These deficiencies will have a massive impact on present and future cardiovascular health outcomes such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc. Recent efforts to reduce the prevalence of hypertension have focused on non-pharmacologic means, specifically diet in order to overcome micronutrient deficiencies. From most of the studies it is evident that an increased intake of minerals such as potassium, magnesium, and calcium by dietary means to reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This article also focuses on how these minerals influence vaso dilation, rennin-angiotension and aldosterone system, natriuresis, sympathetic nervous system nitric oxide production and vascular injury. On the whole, this review will talk about the roles of potassium, magnesium, and calcium in the prevention and treatment of hypertension with specific emphasis on clinical trial evidence, mechanism of action, and recommendations for dietary intake of these minerals.