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Powell, Shawn; Plamondon, Roger; Retzlaff, Paul D.

doi:10.1023/a:1016084604822

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…All participants were male to avoid the complicating dynamics of inter-sex dyads and because the higher male ratio in autism (Fombonne, 2009) and in our recruitment sources precluded a well-powered examination of gender effects. Autistic and NA participants differed in age (A mean = 23.51, SD = 4.07; NA mean = 20.84, SD = 3.17; p < 0.01) but did not differ on race (A = 84% White; NA = 81% White; p = 0.83) and estimated IQ on the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT-3; Wilkinson, 1993; A mean = 110.77, SD = 8.58; NA mean = 109.91, SD = 8.39; p = 0.58), a brief assessment that correlates highly with full scale IQ (Powell et al, 2002). The three dyad types did not differ on race (p = 0.97) or estimated IQ (p = 0.17), but did on age (p < 0.01), with the NA-NA group consisting of younger participants than the other two dyad types.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Social Cognition, Social Skill, and Social Motivation Minimally Predict Social Interaction Outcomes for Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults

et al. 2020

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Social cognition, social skill, and social motivation have been extensively researched and characterized as atypical in autistic people, with the assumption that each mechanistically contributes to the broader social interaction difficulties that diagnostically define the condition. Despite this assumption, research has not directly assessed whether or how these three social domains contribute to actual real-world social interaction outcomes for autistic people. The current study administered standardized measures of social cognition, social skill, and social motivation to 67 autistic and 58 non-autistic (NA) adults and assessed whether performance on these measures, both individually and relationally between dyadic partners, predicted outcomes for autistic and NA adults interacting with unfamiliar autistic and NA partners in a 5 minute unstructured “get to know you” conversation. Consistent with previous research, autistic adults scored lower than NA adults on the three social domains and were evaluated less favorably by their conversation partners. However, links between autistic adults' performance on the three social domains and their social interaction outcomes were minimal and, contrary to prediction, only the social abilities of NA adults predicted some interaction outcomes within mixed diagnostic dyads. Collectively, results suggest that reduced performance by autistic adults on standardized measures of social cognition, social skill, and social motivation do not correspond in clear and predictable ways with their real-world social interaction outcomes. They also highlight the need for the development and validation of more ecological assessments of autistic social abilities and the consideration of relational dynamics, not just individual characteristics, when assessing social disability in autism.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Social Cognition, Social Skill, and Social Motivation Minimally Predict Social Interaction Outcomes for Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults

et al. 2020

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“…Inclusion was restricted to males to limit the influence of gender on interaction dynamics. All autistic participants were administered the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2; Lord et al, 1989), and those not meeting the cutoff for autism spectrum disorder were excluded from participation, as were those with an approximated IQ score below 80 as estimated by the reading subscale of the Wide Range Achievement Test, Third Edition (WRAT-3; Wilkinson, 1993), a brief assessment that correlates highly with full-scale IQ scores (Powell et al, 2002). Exclusion criteria for NA participants consisted of a self-reported diagnosis of autism or a developmental disability, and/or an estimated IQ under 80 based on the WRAT-3.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater Social Interest Between Autistic and Non-autistic Conversation Partners Following Autism Acceptance Training for Non-autistic People

et al. 2021

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Bi-directional differences in social communication and behavior can contribute to poor interactions between autistic and non-autistic (NA) people, which in turn may reduce social opportunities for autistic adults and contribute to poor outcomes. Historically, interventions to improve social interaction in autism have focused on altering the behaviors of autistic people and have ignored the role of NA people. Recent efforts to improve autism understanding among NA adults via training have resulted in more favorable views toward autistic people, yet it remains unknown whether these benefits extend to real-world interactions between autistic and NA people. The current study explores whether a brief autism acceptance training (AAT) program can improve social interactions between autistic and NA adults. Thirty-nine NA males were randomly assigned to complete AAT or a no-training control condition, then participated in a 5-min unstructured conversation with an unfamiliar autistic male (n = 39). Following the conversation, participants rated their perceptions of interaction quality, first impressions of their partner, and their interest in future interactions with their partner. In dyads where the NA individual completed AAT, both the autistic and NA person endorsed greater future interest in hanging out with their partner relative to dyads in which the NA adult did not complete AAT. However, other social interaction outcomes, including ratings of interaction quality and first impressions of autistic partners, largely did not differ between training and no-training conditions, and assessments of the interaction were largely unrelated for autistic and NA partners within dyads. Results also indicated that NA participants, but not autistic participants, demonstrated substantial correspondence between evaluations of their partner and the interaction, suggesting that autistic adults may place less weight on trait judgments when assessing the quality of an interaction. These findings suggest that the brief AAT for NA adults used in this study may increase mutual social interest in real-world interactions between NA and autistic adults, but more systematic changes are likely needed to bridge divides between these individuals. Future work with larger, more diverse samples is recommended to further explore whether interventions targeting NA adults are beneficial for improving autistic experiences within NA social environments.

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Wide Range Achievement Test–Third Edition

Dumont

Willis

2008

Encyclopedia of Special Education

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Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Social Cognition, Social Skill, and Social Motivation Minimally Predict Social Interaction Outcomes for Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults

Social Cognition, Social Skill, and Social Motivation Minimally Predict Social Interaction Outcomes for Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults

Greater Social Interest Between Autistic and Non-autistic Conversation Partners Following Autism Acceptance Training for Non-autistic People

Wide Range Achievement Test–Third Edition

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