Untitled

Abstract

The concentrations of AFP were evaluated in the sera from groups of healthy dogs and of dogs with multicentric lymphoma, before and while receiving chemotherapy. The concentration of AFP was highest in the affected dogs, especially during the fifth stage of lymphoma. Chemotherapy caused a decrease in AFP serum concentration, during both the induction and the maintenance phases of treatment, when compared to the same animals before therapy. Determination of the concentration of AFP in the serum may be an additional indicator in the evaluation of the stage of lymphoma, and of value in assessing the extent of neoplastic infiltration of the liver.

Horizons in Veterinary Precision Oncology: Fundamentals of Cancer Genomics and Applications of Liquid Biopsy for the Detection, Characterization, and Management of Cancer in Dogs

“…In veterinary medicine, there has been interest in leveraging protein biomarkers such as thymidine kinase type 1 (TK1), canine C-reactive protein (cCRP), and alpha-fetoprotein receptor (RECAF) for canine cancer detection (153,154); however, such protein biomarkers are not highly specific for canine cancer and can be elevated due to other reasons including immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and polyarthropathy (155). In human medicine, protein biomarkers such as RECAF and AFP have demonstrated limited sensitivity and specificity for cancer detection (143,156).…”

The Current State of Clinical Application of Serum Biomarkers for Canine Lymphoma

“…The tumor products AFP and microRNAs have been evaluated as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for lymphoma ( 1 , 2 ). Synthesized in fetal tissue and neoplastic adult tissues, AFP elevations have been reported in dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma and inflammatory/infiltrative diseases of the liver ( 14 ).…”

“…Synthesized in fetal tissue and neoplastic adult tissues, AFP elevations have been reported in dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma and inflammatory/infiltrative diseases of the liver ( 14 ). Of the infiltrative diseases, some of the highest AFP levels were identified in dogs with hepatic lymphoma, which was then evaluated subsequently ( 1 ). When 63 dogs with lymphoma were compared to 80 normal controls, high-stage lymphoma dogs (27 stage III, 15 stage IV, and 9 stage V) and male dogs had the highest average AFP serum levels ( 1 ).…”

“…Of the infiltrative diseases, some of the highest AFP levels were identified in dogs with hepatic lymphoma, which was then evaluated subsequently ( 1 ). When 63 dogs with lymphoma were compared to 80 normal controls, high-stage lymphoma dogs (27 stage III, 15 stage IV, and 9 stage V) and male dogs had the highest average AFP serum levels ( 1 ). Over the course of chemotherapy, AFP levels were lower while the dogs were in remission.…”

“…Many targets have been investigated as serum biomarkers for canine lymphoma since the year 2000. Tumor products alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and microRNAs ( 1 , 2 ); biochemical enzymes corticosteroid-induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ( 3 , 4 ); cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ( 5 ); metabolic profiling by gas chromatography ( 6 ); leakage enzymes thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) and high-mobility group B1 proteins (HMGB1) ( 7 , 8 ); and fucosylated serum proteins as well as serum proteins serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), and haptoglobin ( 9 – 13 ) have been evaluated. Targets were generally selected as tumor-specific products or as participants in important disease-related pathways.…”