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Sharma, Rakesh; Kline, Richard; Wu, Ed X.; Katz, José

doi:10.1186/1475-2867-5-26

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…NMU induces breast cancer in laboratory rats [ 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ]. However, according to the present study, this compound caused only minimal cell proliferation in the ductal epithelium (−AL/+NMU).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxic Effects of Aluminum Chloride and Their Relationship with N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea (NMU)-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats

García-Alegría

Gómez-Álvarez

Anduro-Corona

et al. 2020

Toxics

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Recently, soluble forms of aluminum for human use or consumption have been determined to be potentially toxic due to their association with hepatic, neurological, hematological, neoplastic, and bone conditions. This study aims to assess the genotoxic effect of aluminum chloride on genomic instability associated with the onset of N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU)-induced breast cancer in Sprague Dawley rats. The dietary behavior of the rats was assessed, and the concentration of aluminum in the mammary glands was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Genomic instability was determined in the histological sections of mammary glands stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Moreover, micronucleus in peripheral blood and comet assays were performed. The results of dietary behavior evaluation indicated no significant differences between the experimental treatments. However, aluminum concentration in breast tissues was high in the +2000Al/−NMU treatment. This experimental treatment caused moderate intraductal cell proliferation, lymph node hyperplasia, and serous gland adenoma. Furthermore, micronucleus and comet test results revealed that +2000Al/−NMU led to a genotoxic effect after a 10-day exposure and the damage was more evident after a 15-day exposure. Therefore, in conclusion, genomic instability is present and the experimental conditions assessed are not associated with breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxic Effects of Aluminum Chloride and Their Relationship with N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea (NMU)-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats

García-Alegría

Gómez-Álvarez

Anduro-Corona

et al. 2020

Toxics

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“…The increasing TSC bioscale indicates loss of tissue viability and the CVF bioscale reflects the concomitant decrease in cell density. These trends in the bioscales have been used to document loss of tissue viability in the clinical settings of stroke and brain tumors [9-14]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Sodium MR Imaging and Sodium Bioscales for the Management of Brain Tumors

Thulborn

Atkinson

et al. 2009

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America

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The standard of care for the comprehensive treatment of high-grade primary brain tumors includes surgery, radiation treatment and chemotherapy. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is involved in the initial diagnosis for detection and characterization of the lesion, focusing on size, location and its effect on surrounding brain and then on the heterogeneity of the signal characteristics, the presence of hemorrhage, MR perfusion characteristics and integrity of the blood-brain-barrier. These imaging properties have been correlated with tumor grade that has prognostic significance. Functional MRI can be used for presurgical planning and for image guidance of the surgical procedures (biopsy, resection) to minimize disruption of eloquent cortex. The surgical debulking is not considered curative for high-grade tumors but a preliminary step towards improving response to the subsequent treatments. After a short recovery period to allow some degree of healing of the surgical site, radiation planning and treatment begins. The radiation planning uses the X-ray attenuation coefficients from computed tomography (CT) to design the distribution of the radiation used in the treatment plan. Advantage is taken of the better display of tumors on MRI by fusing the MR and CT images. The course of radiation involves fractionated targeted radiation projected along multiple beams at many angles to achieve high dose over the tumor volume and margins while minimizing the dose to surrounding normal brain. The radiation is fractionated, usually administered for 5 days per week over about 6 weeks to a total dose of about 55 Gy. Imaging is not routinely performed during radiation treatment. Symptoms of brain swelling are controlled by use of oral steroids. Chemotherapy at low dose may be delivered during radiation treatment. Full dose, single agent chemotherapy then follows after the completion of radiation and is administered over multiple cycles to maintain tumor control. Follow-up MR imaging studies begin after radiation treatment is completed and are then performed every few months or more frequently depending on the clinical status of the patient. Although this protocol has been developed based on experience from large numbers of patients in multi-center trials, the prognosis has not changed in three decades (20% survival at 2 yrs, [1]). This extremely poor success rate for a not insignificant neoplasm, despite such this comprehensive protocol after decades of experience, suggests that there is a fundamental oversight in the current treatment of this disease. This material provides an imaging perspective of how regional responses of primary brain tumors may be examined during treatment to guide a flexible treatment plan to the response of each patient’s tumor, rather than using a fixed rigid protocol based on population studies. Sodium imaging provides a direct measurement of cell density that can be used to measure regional cell kill during treatment. These bioscales of regionally and temporally sensitive biological-based parameters may b...

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“…This method has been used to monitor the temporal evolution of necrosis and other cell death processes, following various chemotherapy regimens in animal models. [81][82][83][84] There is considerable current interest in imaging carbon with NMR techniques, since carbon is an abundant atom that is a vital component of organic substrates and metabolites. Nearly all carbon exists in the 12 C isotope with only a fraction in an MRI visible form.…”

Section: Non-proton Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

CHAPTER 19. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques in Cancer

Morris¹,

O’Connor²,

Jackson³

2013

New Developments in NMR

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MRI has become an integral and essential part of cancer management, providing non-invasive, radiation-free visualization of the presence, extent and spread of tumors within the body. Clinical and pre-clinical oncology researchers have proven to be early adopters of advanced MR technology and many groups focus on the development and validation of novel imaging approaches. The clinical uptake of more advanced MR imaging techniques such as diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is slower and has occurred only in recent years. This relatively late adoption largely reflects the difficulties in translating complex acquisition or analysis techniques into the clinical setting but also the delay inherent in validating novel imaging techniques for clinical use.Increasingly, there is a requirement for quantitative metrics, which reflect physiological or disease processes (e.g. quantified images of tumor blood flow). These ''imaging biomarkers'' and their identification, validation and clinical translation have become the paradigm for the development of novel techniques in oncological MRI.

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Abstract: Background: Sodium weighted images can indicate sodium signal intensities from different features in the tumor before and 24 hours following administration of Taxotere.

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Genotoxic Effects of Aluminum Chloride and Their Relationship with N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea (NMU)-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats

Genotoxic Effects of Aluminum Chloride and Their Relationship with N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea (NMU)-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats

Quantitative Sodium MR Imaging and Sodium Bioscales for the Management of Brain Tumors

CHAPTER 19. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques in Cancer

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