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Abstract

Objective:To determine the mean central macular thickness of diabetic patients as well as the frequency of macular thickness abnormalities and the factors associated with them.Methodology: A prospective study was done from February to May 2021 at the University Teaching Hospital Yaounde. Analyzed parameters were age, gender, diabetes type, duration and treatment, glycemic control, fundus examination, and central macular thickness measured by optical coherence tomography. Data analysis was performed using Epi Info version 7.2.26 and Excel 2013, and comparisons were made with chi-squared and Pearson tests with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05).Results: 85 diabetic patients were included (165 eyes). The mean age was 57.4 ± 9.4 years. The mean central macular thickness was 229.6 ± 53.8 µm. Optical coherence tomography detected a retinal abnormality in 78.2% of the eyes compared with 8.5% on fundoscopy. Abnormalities of macular thickness included perifoveolar thickening, macular thinning, subclinical macular edema and significant macular edema. Conclusion:Optical coherence tomography has allowed the early detection of subclinical macular edema in our population.