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Abstract

Background: Spindle cell tumors of the larynx are rare. In some cases, the dignity is difficult to determine. We report two cases of laryngeal spindle cell tumors.

Cystic angiomyolipoma of the kidney in a patient with chronic renal failure: a very rare variant

“…[8] Previous immunohistochemical studies of cystic angiomyolipomas demonstrated positive staining of the subepithelial stroma with melanocytic markers (HMB-45 and Melan-A), estrogen and progesterone receptors and CD10. [7,8] Moreover, muscle staining with actin and desmin and cyst lining staining with pancytokeratin were also demonstrated. [7,8] Of the RCC marker antigens, such as inhibin, WT-1, c-kit (CD117), S-100 protein, and CK20, no positive staining was detected for any of the three components of the tumor (i.e., smooth muscle tissue, blood vessels and mature adipose tissue), and a low proliferative index value was detected according to Ki67 labeling.…”

“…Among the published cases in the literature regarding cystic angiomyolipomas, no cases of malignant transformation have been reported on follow-up, even among patients who had received nephron-sparing surgery. [5][6][7] Thus, according to the published literature, cystic angiomyolipomas seem to have a benign disease course similar to classic angiomyolipomas. [5][6][7][8] The differential diagnosis of cystic angiomyolipomas involves distinguishing between mixed epithelial and stromal tumors (previously classified as cystic hamartomas of the renal pelvis, adult mesoblastic nephroma, or renal pelvic or cortical hamartomas), cystic nephroma, multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, liposarcoma and vascular malformations.…”

“…[5][6][7][8] The differential diagnosis of cystic angiomyolipomas involves distinguishing between mixed epithelial and stromal tumors (previously classified as cystic hamartomas of the renal pelvis, adult mesoblastic nephroma, or renal pelvic or cortical hamartomas), cystic nephroma, multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, liposarcoma and vascular malformations. [7,8] Although mixed epithelial and stromal tumors of the kidney are thought to be more common in females (or males with estrogen exposure), [8][9][10] our patient did not have a history of estrogen exposure. Both cystic angiomyolipomas and mixed epithelial and stromal tumors of the kidney can express estrogen or progesterone receptors, whereas the latter type typically does not express melanocytic markers.…”

“…[4] Cystic angiomyolipomas, or angiomyolipomas with epithelial cysts, are extremely rare lesions, and fewer than 20 cases have been reported in the literature according to the Pubmed database. [5][6][7][8] Herein, we report a very rare case of cystic angiomyolipoma of the kidney and discuss the clinical and pathological findings.…”

A Review of Primary Osteosarcoma of the Larynx and Case Report

“…The presence of malignant osteoid production and careful exclusion of epithelial differentiation distinguishes primary osteosarcoma from carcinosarcoma/sarcomatoid carcinoma, some of which are well known to contain osteoid [8,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Thompson et al [30] and Viswanathan et al [31] described the largest series of laryngeal spindle cell (sarcomatoid) carcinoma, of 187 and 103 cases respectively.…”