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Sauvajot, Raymond M.; Buechner, Marybeth; Kamradt, Denise A.; Schonewald, Christine

doi:10.1023/a:1009588723665

Cited by 90 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Thus, cities are characterized by multiple abiotic and biotic modifications of the natural environment such as fragmentation (Crooks et al, 2004), human disturbance (Sauvajot et al, 1998;Fernández-Juricic, 2002), and increased pollutions: noise (Slabbekoorn and Peet, 2003;Meillère et al, 2015b), light (Dominoni et al, 2013;Spoelstra and Visser, 2014), electromagnetic (Engels et al, 2014), and chemical pollution (Roux and Marra, 2007;Isaksson, 2010;Bichet et al, 2013). Urbanization is also associated with altered predation risk (Fischer et al, 2012;Møller and Ibáñez-Álamo, 2012), inter and intra-specific competition (Duckworth, 2014), disease prevalence (Bichet et al, 2013;, food type and abundance (Robb et al, 2008;Harrison et al, 2010;Galbraith et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing in Cities: An Urban Penalty for Wild Birds? A Study of Phenotypic Differences between Urban and Rural Great Tit Chicks (Parus major)

et al. 2017

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Urban sprawl is associated with deep and intense modifications of the natural habitats of wild vertebrates. Although, many species are unable to cope with such an environment, a few species can be found in cities and can help us assessing the impact of urbanization on wildlife. Urban-related environmental modifications are multiple and some of them seem beneficial while others seem rather detrimental to wild vertebrates. Moreover, the impact of these modifications on wild vertebrates is likely to vary depending on the phase of the annual life-cycle. Therefore, it is challenging to get a comprehensive picture of the impact of urbanization on wild vertebrates. Overall, urbanization is usually associated with reduced breeding performances in wild birds, but the impact of urbanization on the phenotype and quality of developing offspring has been less studied. In this study, we specifically investigated the impact of urbanization on several proxies of individual quality in great tits (Parus major). We concomitantly measured body size (tarsus length and body mass), plumage coloration, and telomere length in 14-days old chicks issued from 4 populations (two pairs of urban/rural populations located in two different geographical areas of France). First, rural chicks were significantly taller and heavier than urban birds although this impact of urbanization on body size/body mass appears only true for the most urbanized site. Interestingly, body size was also affected by the geographical area of capture, suggesting that regional environmental conditions may attenuate or exacerbate the influence of urbanization on nestling growth. Second, the carotenoid-based yellow plumage of rural nestlings was more colorful than that of urban birds, independently of the area of capture. This suggests that urban birds probably have a low-carotenoid diet relative to rural birds. Finally, telomere length did not differ between rural and urban chicks. These results suggest that urbanization probably imposes large developmental constraints in wild vertebrates and that this impact may primarily be related to constraining nutritional conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing in Cities: An Urban Penalty for Wild Birds? A Study of Phenotypic Differences between Urban and Rural Great Tit Chicks (Parus major)

et al. 2017

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“…This leads to changes in habitat structure and plant diversity, as well as the homogenization and local extinctions of endemic wildlife species (McKinney 2006;Sauvajot et al 1998). As detrimental as the effects of anthropogenic activities might be for the majority of animals affected, recent studies have demonstrated that the type and degree of responses to anthropogenic disturbances are variable and species specific (French et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hustle and bustle of city life: monitoring the effects of urbanisation in the African lesser bushbaby

Scheun

Bennett

Ganswindt

et al. 2015

Sci Nat

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Urbanisation has become a severe threat to pristine natural areas, causing habitat loss and affecting indigenous animals. Species occurring within an urban fragmented landscape must cope with changes in vegetation type as well as high degrees of anthropogenic disturbance, both of which are possible key mechanisms contributing to behavioural changes and perceived stressors. We attempted to elucidate the effects of urbanisation on the African lesser bushbaby, Galago moholi, by (1) recording activity budgets and body condition (body mass index, BMI) of individuals of urban and rural populations and (2) further determining adrenocortical activity in both populations as a measure of stress via faecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM) levels, following successful validation of an appropriate enzyme immunoassay test system (ACTH challenge test). We found that both sexes of the urban population had significantly higher BMIs than their rural counterparts, while urban females had significantly higher fGCM concentrations than rural females. While individuals in the urban population fed mainly on provisioned anthropogenic food sources and spent comparatively more time resting and engaging in aggressive interactions, rural individuals fed almost exclusively on tree exudates and spent more time moving between food sources. Although interactions with humans are likely to be lower in 2 nocturnal than in diurnal species, our findings show that the impact of urbanisation on nocturnal species is still considerable, affecting a range of ecological and physiological aspects.

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Section: The Site As a Systemmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The study found a decrease in the area's native wildlife and an increase in disturbance species (Sauvajot et al, 1998). The only native species that could be found in the site were birds, which, the study speculates, have larger ranges and can fly between disturbed and undisturbed areas (Sauvajot et al, 1998). The study also found that disturbed areas contained vegetation that was lower to the ground and "less woody" than undisturbed vegetation, demonstrating that disturbance creates long-term impacts that actually alter habitat (Sauvajot et al, 1998).…”

Section: The Site As a Systemmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…wildfires, poor vegetation management, trail widening, off-road vehicle use, poaching, plant collecting, littering, and destruction of core vegetation due to off-trail intrusion (Sauvajot et al, 1998). For example, according to Noss, birds that nested in trees near suburbs had a higher rate of predation than those that nested in more isolated forest, likely due to the presence of domestic animals (1997).…”

Section: The Site As a Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation Through Limited Development: An Approach for Land Conservancies

Tarone¹

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Untitled

Cited by 90 publications

References 46 publications

Growing in Cities: An Urban Penalty for Wild Birds? A Study of Phenotypic Differences between Urban and Rural Great Tit Chicks (Parus major)

Growing in Cities: An Urban Penalty for Wild Birds? A Study of Phenotypic Differences between Urban and Rural Great Tit Chicks (Parus major)

The hustle and bustle of city life: monitoring the effects of urbanisation in the African lesser bushbaby

Conservation Through Limited Development: An Approach for Land Conservancies

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