A 0.25-V fifth-order Butterworth low-pass filter based on fully differential difference transconductance amplifier architecture

Pinto, Paulo Marcos; Ferreira, Luís H. C.; Colletta, Gustavo Della; Braga, Rodrigo Aparecido da Silva

doi:10.1016/j.mejo.2019.104606

Cited by 17 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Finally, the FOM versus V DD of fifth-order low-pass filters are shown in Figure 19. Compared with the works in [7,8,10], the proposed filter offers clearly better FOM. The FOM is even slightly lower than the one in [9] with half the value of V DD .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The filter comprises five MIGD OTAs and five capacitors. The number of active devices is reduced from 6 to 5, as compared with [8][9][10], which allows for the reduction of the active area and power. Considering OTA 0 , OTA 1 in Figure 3b and OTA 0 , FDDA 1 in Figure 3c, it can be noted that these devices are used to realize a floating resistor [9].…”

Section: Proposed Filtermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As it is widely known, the high-order filters based on the RLC prototypes have lower pass-band sensitivity to the variation of passive elements, compared with that of the cascade approach. The fifth-order low-pass Butterworth filters derived from the LC ladder-type filter were reported in [7][8][9][10]. The fifth-order Butterworth low-pass filter using fully differential operational transconductance amplifiers (FD-OTAs) is shown in Figure 3a [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paper is organized as follows: Section 2 shows the principle of multiple-input gate-driven OTA and the filter design based on it, Section 3 the simulation results, and finally Section 4 the conclusion. Fifth-order Butterworth low-pass filters, (a) FD-OTA-C filter [7], (b) MOFD-OTA-C filter [8,9], (c) FDDA-based filter [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analog low-pass filters for ECG acquisition systems should be designed to meet specific requirements, such as high dynamic range, low-power consumption, and small chip area. There are many low-pass filters for ECG acquisition systems described in the literature [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The Butterworth approximation is usually used because it provides a better linear phase and flat response within each bandwidth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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0.5 V Fifth-Order Butterworth Low-Pass Filter Using Multiple-Input OTA for ECG Applications

Kumngern

Aupithak

Khateb

et al. 2020

Sensors

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This paper presents a 0.5 V fifth-order Butterworth low-pass filter based on multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA). The filter is designed for electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition systems and operates in the subthreshold region with nano-watt power consumption. The used multiple-input technique simplifies the overall structure of the OTA and reduces the number of active elements needed to realize the filter. The filter was designed and simulated in the Cadence environment using a 0.18 µm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process from Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC). Simulation results show that the filter has a bandwidth of 250 Hz, a power consumption of 34.65 nW, a dynamic range of 63.24 dB, attaining a figure-of-merit of 0.0191 pJ. The corner (process, voltage, temperature: PVT) and Monte Carlo (MC) analyses are included to prove the robustness of the filter.

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