A 1.0-Mb/s 198-pJ/bit Bluetooth Low-Energy Compatible Single Sideband Backscatter Uplink for the NeuroDisc Brain–Computer Interface

Rosenthal, James; Reynolds, Matthew S.

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2019.2938162

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Another future enhancement would be greater capability for wireless communication ( Rosenthal and Reynolds, 2019 ). This would enable streaming large amounts of data to offline receivers, which would facilitate uninterrupted long-term recording.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurochip3: An Autonomous Multichannel Bidirectional Brain-Computer Interface for Closed-Loop Activity-Dependent Stimulation

et al. 2021

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Toward addressing many neuroprosthetic applications, the Neurochip3 (NC3) is a multichannel bidirectional brain-computer interface that operates autonomously and can support closed-loop activity-dependent stimulation. It consists of four circuit boards populated with off-the-shelf components and is sufficiently compact to be carried on the head of a non-human primate (NHP). NC3 has six main components: (1) an analog front-end with an Intan biophysical signal amplifier (16 differential or 32 single-ended channels) and a 3-axis accelerometer, (2) a digital control system comprised of a Cyclone V FPGA and Atmel SAM4 MCU, (3) a micro SD Card for 128 GB or more storage, (4) a 6-channel differential stimulator with ±60 V compliance, (5) a rechargeable battery pack supporting autonomous operation for up to 24 h and, (6) infrared transceiver and serial ports for communication. The NC3 and earlier versions have been successfully deployed in many closed-loop operations to induce synaptic plasticity and bridge lost biological connections, as well as deliver activity-dependent intracranial reinforcement. These paradigms to strengthen or replace impaired connections have many applications in neuroprosthetics and neurorehabilitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurochip3: An Autonomous Multichannel Bidirectional Brain-Computer Interface for Closed-Loop Activity-Dependent Stimulation

et al. 2021

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“…The reason for the companionable backscatter communication problem may be objective difficulties associated with BLE devices. The study [14] demonstrated an ultralow-power BLE v5.0 companionable backscatter communication uplink. This backscatter technique works with BLE devices that haven't been modified, such as PCs, cell phones, and tablets, and uses less than 200 pJ/bit of energy, which is more than 50 percent not as much as a commercially accessible BLE transmitter.…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 96%

Developing of Bluetooth mesh flooding between source-destination linking of nodes in wireless sensor networks

Mohsin

Mohammed

Yassien

2021

EEJET

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Bluetooth uses 2.4 GHz in ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) band, which it shares with other wireless operating system technologies like ZigBee and WLAN. The Bluetooth core design comprises a low-energy version of a low-rate wireless personal area network and supports point-to-point or point-to-multipoint connections. The aim of the study is to develop a Bluetooth mesh flooding and to estimate packet delivery ratio in wireless sensor networks to model asynchronous transmissions including a visual representation of a mesh network, node-related statistics, and a packet delivery ratio (PDR). This work provides a platform for Bluetooth networking by analyzing the flooding of the network layers and configuring the architecture of a multi-node Bluetooth mesh. Five simulation scenarios have been presented to evaluate the network flooding performance. These scenarios have been performed over an area of 200×200 meters including 81 randomly distributed nodes including different Relay/End node configurations and source-destination linking between nodes. The results indicate that the proposed approach can create a pathway between the source node and destination node within a mesh network of randomly distributed End and Relay nodes using MATLAB environment. The results include probability calculation of getting a linking between two nodes based on Monte Carlo method, which was 88.7428 %, while the Average-hop-count linking between these nodes was 8. Based on the conducted survey, this is the first study to examine and demonstrate Bluetooth mesh flooding and estimate packet delivery ratio in wireless sensor networks

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“…For SSB modulation, the passband signal can be written as [19] and [69] s SSB (t) = g(t) cos (2π f c t) ± ĝ(t) sin (2π f c t), (9) where g(t) is the baseband pulse and ĝ(t) is the Hilbert transform of g(t). The plus and minus signs correspond to the lower and upper sidebands, respectively.…”

Section: Single Sideband (Ssb) Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A. EXISTING WORK One of the earliest designs in the literature appeared in the work of Rosenthal and Reynolds [69] who studied the co-existence of backscatter communications with BLE technology. In their work, the generation of the Hilbert transform of the signal can be achieved by noticing that the Hilbert transform of baseband square pulse is equivalent to delaying the pulse by a quarter period as shown in Figure 11.…”

Section: Single Sideband (Ssb) Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two streams control an SP4T switch that switches between four distinct impedances. Referring to Figure 11, the key difference between 4-QAM and the BPSK SSB (the one used in [69]) is depicted in the state machine. In the latter, a transition to the same state is not permissible while in the former, we can have transition to the same state.…”

Section: Single Sideband (Ssb) Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectrally Efficient Backscatter Systems: A Hardware-Oriented Survey

Alhassoun

2023

IEEE Access

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The growing interest in backscatter communications as a low-powered solution in various fields necessitates pushing the envelope of current backscatter systems in multiple frontiers, among which is spectral efficiency. The increase in spectral efficiency can drive real-time applications such as augmented reality. In most of backscatter-system applications such as radio-frequency identification, backscatter modulation is implemented using binary schemes realized with square pulses, which are not spectral efficient. To address the spectral efficiency concern, this article reviews-with a scope limited to prototyped systems-some of the existing works in the literature that pertain to increasing the spectral efficiency of backscatter systems. The prototyped systems can be grouped-based on the implementation technique used-into three groups: High-order modulation, single-sideband modulation, and pulse shaping. Based on the current trends and studied literature, the article concludes with discussions on some future directions and open-ended research problems such as optimal pulse shaping, the use of artificial intelligence, multi-carrier modulation, and agile modulation; which are all aim for overcoming the spectral-efficiency limit of contemporary backscatter systems.

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A 1.0-Mb/s 198-pJ/bit Bluetooth Low-Energy Compatible Single Sideband Backscatter Uplink for the NeuroDisc Brain–Computer Interface

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Neurochip3: An Autonomous Multichannel Bidirectional Brain-Computer Interface for Closed-Loop Activity-Dependent Stimulation

Neurochip3: An Autonomous Multichannel Bidirectional Brain-Computer Interface for Closed-Loop Activity-Dependent Stimulation

Developing of Bluetooth mesh flooding between source-destination linking of nodes in wireless sensor networks

Spectrally Efficient Backscatter Systems: A Hardware-Oriented Survey

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