A 1/2-in CCD imager with lateral overflow-gate shutter

Ando, H.; Nakai, Masato; Akimoto, Hidetoshi; Ono, H.; Ozawa, N.; Ohba, S.; Suzuki, T.; Uehara, Makoto; Hikiba, M.

doi:10.1109/16.78365

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Wahballah, Bazan and Ibrahim (2018) cited smearing in high-resolution satellites, Elvidge et al (2001) noted blooming in nighttime imagery along coastal areas, and Poli et al (2015) described artefacts similar to blooming from bright targets in GeoEye-1 and WorldView-2 images. Two anti-blooming techniques, adding a vertical overflow drain ( Hamasaki et al 1988 ) and a lateral overflow drain ( Ando et al 1991 ), have been effectively used in other imaging platforms. Neither a vertical nor a lateral overflow drain was implemented in the WorldView-2 sensor design, but WorldView-3 is equipped with a lateral overflow drain (Maxar Technologies Inc., personal communication, 18 June 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical artifacts in high-resolution WorldView-2 and WorldView-3 satellite imagery of aquatic systems

Coffer

Whitman

Schaeffer

et al. 2022

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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Satellite image artefacts are features that appear in an image but not in the original imaged object and can negatively impact the interpretation of satellite data. Vertical artefacts are linear features oriented in the along-track direction of an image system and can present as either banding or striping; banding are features with a consistent width, and striping are features with inconsistent widths. This study used high-resolution data from DigitalGlobeʻs (now Maxar) WorldView-3 satellite collected at Lake Okeechobee, Florida (FL), on 30 August 2017. This study investigated the impact of vertical artefacts on both at-sensor radiance and a spectral index for an aquatic target as WorldView-3 was primarily designed as a land sensor. At-sensor radiance measured by six of WorldView-3ʻs eight spectral bands exhibited banding, more specifically referred to as non-uniformity, at a width corresponding to the multispectral detector sub-arrays that comprise the WorldView-3 focal plane. At-sensor radiance measured by the remaining two spectral bands, red and near-infrared (NIR) #1, exhibited striping. Striping in these spectral bands can be attributed to their time delay integration (TDI) settings at the time of image acquisition, which were optimized for land. The impact of vertical striping on a spectral index leveraging the red, red edge, and NIR spectral bands—referred to here as the NIR maximum chlorophyll index (MCI NIR )—was investigated. Temporally similar imagery from the European Space Agencyʻs Sentinel-3 and Sentinel-2 satellites were used as baseline references of expected chlorophyll values across Lake Okeechobee as neither Sentinel-3 nor Sentinel-2 imagery showed striping. Striping was highly prominent in the MCI NIR product generated using WorldView-3 imagery, as noise in the at-sensor radiance exceeded any signal of chlorophyll in the image. Adjusting the image acquisition parameters for future tasking of WorldView-3 or the functionally similar WorldView-2 satellite may alleviate these artefacts. To test this, an additional WorldView-3 image was acquired at Lake Okeechobee, FL, on 26 May 2021 in which the TDI settings and scan line rate were adjusted to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. While some evidence of non-uniformity remained, striping was no longer noticeable in the MCI NIR product. Future image tasking over aquatic targets should employ these updated image acquisition parameters. Since the red and NIR #1 spectral bands are critical for inland and coastal water applications, archived images not collected using these updated settings may be limited in their potential for analysis of aquatic variables that require these two spectral bands to derive

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical artifacts in high-resolution WorldView-2 and WorldView-3 satellite imagery of aquatic systems

Coffer

Whitman

Schaeffer

et al. 2022

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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“…But with tiny pixels, that effect appears again with interline organization due to incomplete transfer from the photoconversion part to the charge transfer part. To avoid that effect, manufacturing process must include alignments of masks to 0.1 jim accurac [11]. If that condition is not fulfilled the residual image, not transferred, can be suppressed by antiblooming system, but it is at the expense of a loss of sensitivity.…”

Section: Lagmentioning

confidence: 96%

<title>High-definition CCDs for enhanced definition television</title>

et al. 1992

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CCD's have become serious competitors to camera tubes, even for HDTV. The challenge set by HDTV requirements implies to soive the sensitivity I resolution antinomy with presently available VLSI technologies. This paper presents the various designs used by CCD's manufacturers and details the main performances of the two devices realized. These performances are related to the various technological choices and compared to physical limits.

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